You are interested in conducting an experiment to determine whether using a regular daily watering program improves plant growth over just using natural rain. What would be the best null hypothesis?
If plants are watered daily, their growth rates will be similar to plants that are not watered daily.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| You are interested in conducting an experiment to determine whether using a regular daily watering program improves plant growth over just using natural rain. What would be the best null hypothesis? | If plants are watered daily, their growth rates will be similar to plants that are not watered daily. |
| You are interested in conducting an experiment to determine whether using a regular daily watering program improves plant growth over just using natural rain. What would be the best alternative hypothesis? | A. If plants are watered daily, they will grow better than plants that are not watered daily. B. IF plants are watered daily, their growth rates will differ from the plants that are not watered daily. C. If plants are watered daily, they will grow more slowly than plants that are not watered daily. A, B, and C are all acceptable. |
| You are interested in conducting an experiment to determine whether using a regular daily watering program improves plant growth over just using natural rain. What would be the best control group? | A. 5 plants that are not watered daily B. 5 plants that are watered daily C. 100 plants that are not watered daily D. 100 plants that are watered daily C. is correct |
| You are interested in conducting an experiment to determine whether using a regular daily watering program improves plant growth over just using natural rain. What would be the best treatment (experimental) group? | A. 5 plants that are not watered daily B. 5 plants that are watered daily C. 100 plants that are not watered daily D. 100 plants that are watered daily D. is correct |
| Which statement is an example of pseudoscience? | A. A randomized controlled trial with 2,000 participants found that medication A was more effective than a placebo in lowering cholesterol levels. B. Four out of five dentists recommend sugarless gum. C. An observational study documented that tarantulas are found throughout Arkansas. D. There is a statistically significant difference in growth rate of plants given a new fertilizer versus plants that are given an old fertilizer. B. is correct |
| You discover that there is a pattern that cats that eat more cat treats have lower masses than cats that eat fewer cat treats. As the number of cat treats goes up, the mass goes down. What is this an example of? | A negative correlation |
| You discover that there is a pattern that cats that eat more cat treats have lower masses than cats that eat fewer cat treats. As the number of cat treats goes up, the mass goes down. Can you conclude that eating cat treats helps cats lose weight? | No, because correlation is not causation and a formal study is needed to be able to draw more conclusions. |
| What is one way in which a hypothesis differs from a theory? | A. A hypothesis is more certain and based on conclusive scientific evidence. B. A theory is a tentative guess, while a hypothesis is based on more evidence. C. A hypothesis is typically more narrow and based on less data. D. A hypothesis is typically more narrow and based on more data. C. is correct |
| What does it mean to say that the results of a study are statistically significant? | There is a less 5% chance that the results of a study are due to random chance. |
| You are interested in knowing whether Venus flytraps, a type of carnivorous plant, grow better if they are allowed to eat flies. You raise 40 flytraps in a greenhouse with daily watering and a constant temperature, but without access to flies. You raise another 40 flytraps in the same greenhouse under identical conditions, except that you place a fly in a trap of each plant once per week. What is the variable in the experiment? | Whether the plants are given flies |
| Which of the following is an example of an organic molecule? | A. carbon dioxide (CO2) B. octane (CH3, CH2, CH2, CH2, CH2, CH3, CH3, CH3) C. Water (H2O) D. oxygen (H2O) E. sodium ion (Na+) B. is correct because always has to have a carbon and a hydrogen (CH) |
| Monosaccharides are monomers of: | carbohydrates |
| A polymer consists of: | Repeating subunits (monomers) |
| Match the organic molecules with their components. ______1. amino acids ______2. monosaccharides (sugars) ______3. nucleotides ______4. fatty acids A. carbohydrates/polysaccharides B. nucleic acids C. proteins D. do not form polymers | 1. C. proteins 2. A. carbohydrates/polysaccharides 3. B. nucleic acids 4. D. do not form polymers |
| Something that would dissolve well in water is: | hydrophilic |
| Why is it true that "oil and water don't mix"? | water is hydrophilic and oil is hydrophobic |
| Which one of the following substances would have the last trouble crossing a biological membrane by diffusing through the lipid bilayer? | CO2 (carbon dioxide) |
| Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic? | the presence or absence of DNA |
| Match the organelle to its function ______1. chloroplasts ______2. cytoplasm ______3. endoplasmic reticulum ______4. Golgi apparatus ______5. lysosome ______6. mitochondria ______7. nucleus ______8. plasma membrane ______9. ribosome ______10. vacuoles A. site of cellular respiration B. contains digestive enzymes C. used for storage D. the selectively permeable barrier around a cell E. proteins are made at these F. may or may not have attached ribosomes G. the substance that fills the cell and surrounds the organelles H. site of photosynthesis I. contains the genetic material (DNA) J. packages things into vesicles | 1. H- site of photosynthesis 2. G- the substance that fills the cell and surrounds the organelles 3. F- may or may not have attached ribosomes 4. J- packages things into vesicles 5. B- contains digestive enzymes 6. A- site of cellular respiration 7. I- contains the genetic material (DNA) 8. D- the selectively permeable barrier around a cell 9. E- proteins are made at these 10. C- used for storage |
| A protein that is produced inside of one cell to be released from that cell would most likely follow which pathway? | RER - Golgi apparatus - vesicle - outside of cell |
| What process is used to transport very large molecules, such as hormones, out of cells? | exocytosis |
| The plasma membrane is best described as a: | phospholipid bilayer |
| A cell is placed in a liquid solution. Water flows rapidly out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink. | hypertonic (more) |
| A cell with 3% salt concertation is placed in distilled water (0% salt concentration). Relative to the cell, the distilled water is: | hypotonic (less) |
| What is the function of ATP? | it serves as the energy currency of the cell |
| What does it mean to say that a protein is denatured? | the protein has lost its shape and no longer functions |
| Which of the following is an example of anabolic reaction? | building up starch from glucose molecules |
| You obtain an enzyme from a bacterium that lives on icebergs in the Antarctic. You mix the enzyme with its substrate at room temperature. In the lab, at room temperature, is the reaction likely to be faster or slower than at the temperatures found in the Antarctic? Why? | The Enzyme will denature due to the room temp. Denaturization accrues, so the reaction will be slower. |
| What is one way in which enzymes may speed up reactions without being changes in the process? | A. They bring together substrates with the correct orientation to form new bonds. B. They stretch bonds, making it easier for the bonds to break C. They provide the right microenvironment D. All of the above D. is correct |
| What are the three major parts of cellular respiration, in order? | A. Glycolysis B. Krebs Cycle C. Electron Transport Chain |
| What are the two major parts of photosynthesis, in order? | A. Light reactions B. Calvin Cycle |
| What is one thing that is produced by glycolysis? | ATP |
| Which part of cellular respiration produces the largest amount of ATP? | Electron Transport Chain |
| Which part of cellular respiration takes place on the inner mitochondrial membrane? | Glycolysis |
| Why can't humans survive using fermentation? | Fermentation simply does not make enough energy |
| Of the three major parts of cellular respiration, which parts are included in fermentation? | Glycolysis only |
| Imagine that you want to find out whether a new medication is effective in reducing the risk of heart attacks. TO conduct your experiment, you must decide on the hypotheses and treatment groups. | A. What is your null hypothesis? New medication has no effect in reducing the risk of heart attacks. B. What is your alternate hypothesis? Participants given new medication has shown effective in reducing the risk of heart attacks. C. Describe your control group? Participants who have been given a placebo D. How many people will be in the control group? 200 E. Describe your experimental group Participants who have taken a placebo, take new medication F. How many people will be in the experimental group? 200 |