FCLE #2
Created by Jeimy Menjivar
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Dred Scott v. Sanford | Enslaved people are not citizens; Missouri Compromise unconstitutional |
Plessy v. Ferguson | Separate but equal is constitutional |
Brown v. Board of Education | Segregation in schools is unconstitutional; overturns Plessy |
Regents v. Bakke | Racial quotas illegal; race can be one factor |
Bush v. Gore | Different vote‑counting standards violate equal protection |
Citizens United v. FEC | Political spending is protected speech |
Engel v. Vitale | School‑led prayer is unconstitutional |
West Virginia v. Barnette | Students cannot be forced to say the Pledge |
Texas v. Johnson | Flag burning is protected symbolic speech |
Tinker v. Des Moines | Students have symbolic speech rights in school |
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier | Schools can censor student newspapers |
DC v. Heller | Individuals have the right to own a handgun |
Mapp v. Ohio | Illegally obtained evidence cannot be used |
New Jersey v. TLO | Schools need only reasonable suspicion to search students |
Miranda v. Arizona | Police must inform suspects of their rights |
Gideon v. Wainwright | Free attorney for defendants who cannot afford one |
Roe v. Wade | States cannot ban first‑trimester abortions |
Korematsu v. United | States Internment upheld during wartime |
Marbury v. Madison Established judicial review | Established judicial review |
Gibbons v. Ogden | Federal government controls interstate commerce |
McCulloch v. Maryland | Implied powers; states cannot tax federal bank |
U.S. v. Nixon | President must obey subpoena; no one is above the law |