| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What are the 3 structures of joints? | 1. Fibrous
2. Cartilaginous
3. Synovial |
Fibrous Joint | no joint cavity and typically little to no movement |
What type of joint is this?  | suture (fibrous joint) |
What type of joint is this?  | Syndesmosis joint - found between long bones |
What type of joint is this?  | Gomphosis - found between teeth and mandible |
Describe cartilaginous joints | no joint cavity and more movement than fibrous joints but less than synovial. |
What are cartilaginous bones connected by? | fibrous or hyaline cartilage |
What's the role of cartilaginous bone? | provides cushion during impact |
What cartilaginous bone type is this?  | Synchondrosis - epiphyseal plate |
What type of cartilaginous joint is this?  | symphysis (there's intervertebral and pelvic) |
Synovial Joints | complex joint with cavity and extensive movement |
What is the blank area pointing towards?  | fibrous capsule |
What is the blank pointing towards  | synovial cavity |
What is the blank pointing towards  | meniscus |
What is the synovial membrane? | connective tissue that lines the fibrous capsule and produces synovial fluid |
What's the articular cavity in the synovial joint structure? | cavity/space in between adjacent bones of the joint surrounded by fibrous capsule |
What's the articular cartilage in the synovial joint structure? | hyaline (glass like) cartilage covering the bone within the joint. Also supported by synovial fluid. |
What's the Menisci within the synovial joint structure? | fibrocartilage disks between bones in some joints . Distributes weight and reduces friction. |
Ligament | dense connective tissues that connects bone to bone |
Tendon | dense connective tissue that connects muscle to bone |
Intracapsular ligaments | ligaments inside a joint , covered in synovial membrane |
Extracapsular ligaments | ligaments external to joint formed by from fibrous capsule |
Bursa | fluid filled sac lined with synovial membrane and lubricated with synovial fluid |
What is the blank lined to? What is its purpose?  | the tendon sheath, wraps around the tendon to protect it as it passes over a joint |
What is the red box pointing to?  | Synovial tendon sheath |
Adduction | toward median plane |
Abduction | away from median plane |
Pronation | rotates extremity so dorsum is up |
Supination | rotates extremity so palmer/planter is up |
What type of joint is this?  | saddle joint |
What type of joint is this?  | pivot joint |
What type of joint this?  | spheroid joint |
What type of joint this?  | condylar joint |
What type of joint is this?  | hinge joint |
What type of joint is this?  | plane joint |
What does a hinge joint do? | extension, flexion, and hyperextension movements |
What movement does a plane joint perform? | slight gliding movement between flat or short bones |
What movement does a pivot joint perform? | rotational movement around an axis |
What movement does a spheroid joint perform? | permits all types of movement except glide. resembles a ball and socket |
What movement does a condylar joint perform? | convex on concave surfaces - all movements except gliding and hyperextension |
What movement does a saddle joint perform? | all movements except rotation |
What's a dislocation? | separation of joint and stretching or tearing of ligaments |
partial dislocation is called? | subluxation |
What's a sprain? | stretching or tearing of ligaments |
What's a strain? | excessive stretching of muscle or tendon |
Arthritis / Osteoarthritis | inflammation within the joint that can result in loss of cartilage and bone ( Degenerative Joint Disease) |
Splint | Swelling below carpal joint associated with inflammation between metacarpal III and smaller metacarpals II and IV |