arteri- term means

artery

cardi- term mean

heart

-emia term means

blood

erythro- term means

red

hemo- term means

blood

leuko- term means

white

vaso- term means

vessel

Circulatory system

carries nutrients and O2 to tissues, and carry waste products from tissues for disposal like CO2

Lymphatic system

return extracellular fluid to the veins and in disease control

Arteries

carry blood away from the heart - composed of 3 layers and made of connective tissue (elastin and collagen)

Elastin

protein that allows greater elasticity of tissues - provide 1.5x more elasticity and support collagen

Collagen

main structural protein that provides strengths to tissues and protection for fragile organs - make up 25-30% of the body - triple helical structure

triple helical structure

1. tunica intima 2. tunica media 3. tunica adventitia

tunica intima

innermost layer - continuous layer of endothelial cells that line the lumen of supporting connective tissue

tunica media

middle layer - has smooth muscle and arranged with elastin - thickest layer

tunica adventitia

outermost layer - connective tissue with elastin and collagen

three types of arteries

1. elastic 2. muscular 3. arterioles

Capillaries

endothelial cells covered with a basement membrane - exchange materials between the blood and tissues

three types of capillaries

1. continuous - tight junctions, in skeletal muscles 2. fenestrated - numerous holes, rapid absorption and filtration, in kidneys 3. sinusoidal - large gaps, exchange of cells like bone morrow

Veins

blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart - same three layers but has little smooth muscle or elastin, thin walled, may contain one way valves

two types of veins

1. venules - like capillaries but larger in diameter 2. veins - more collagen, less elastin

lymph ducts

blood returned to the lymphatic system - lymph enters the vena cava before it enters the heart to obtain immediate mixing of blood and lymph

right atrium

receives blood from the vena cava and moves it to the right ventricle

right ventricle

pumps blood from the right atrium to the pulmonary artery

left atrium

receives blood from the pulmonary veins and pumps it into the left ventricle

left ventricle

largest heart chamber - pumps blood to the aorta from the left atrium

atrioventricular valves

between atria and ventricles - prevents back flow into the ventricles back in to the atria

semilunar valves

between ventricles and arteries leaving the heart - prevent back flow into the ventricles

vena cava

largest vein, has 2 parts, superior vena cava carries blood from upper body and inferior vena cava brings blood from lower body to right atrium

aorta

largest artery - carries blood from the left ventricle to the body

coronary artery

multiple on both sides of the heart that supply nutrients and O2 to the heart muscle

pulmonary artery

carries low oxygen blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

pulmonary vein

carries high oxygen blood from the lungs to the left atrium