Which food has little or no fiber?

Chicken breast

The main carbohydrate in milk is made of:

galactose + glucose

What process makes glucose from protein?

gluconeogenesis

what sugar is found in fruits?

fructose

Which food, high in soluble fiber, was one of the first recognized for lowering cholesterol?

Oatmeal

A high-fiber diet may help prevent.

colon cancer

Which sugar is known as blood sugar?

glucose

Which fasting blood sugar value is normal?

77 mg/dL

What is the body's stored form of glucose?

glycogen

How many Kcal are in 1 Teaspoon (4 grams) of sugar?

16

Which type of diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance?

Type 2

What is produced when fat breaks down without carbohydrates

Ketones

What is the process of combining two molecules into one larger product?

Condensation

Lactose intolerance means trouble digesting?

milk sugar

What measures how food affects blood sugar levels?

glycemic response

The main cause of heart disease is:

atherosclerosis

Which food contains cholesterol?

chicken

extra energy is STORED AS fat in

adipose cells

Which lipoprotein removes cholesterol?

HDL

Which nutrients can raise LDL levels

saturated (trans) fats

Which lipid is most strongly linked to heart disease?

LDL

A saturated fatty acid has:

single bonds

Which is NOT a lipoprotein?

VHDL

Phospholipids are an important part of:

cell membranes

trans fats indicate:

hydrogenation

Compared to LDL, HDL has more

protein

Which nutrients may help prevent heart disease?

Omega-3s

A triglyceride consists of three fatty acids and:

glycerol

Which food has the highest saturated fat content?

coconut oil

What is the most common dietary fat?

triglycerides

About what percent of energy at rest comes from fat?

60%

What element makes proteins unique?

Nitrogen

Which foods are complementary proteins?

legumes and grains

What type of amino acid is usually non-essential but must be obtained from the diet in certain conditions?

conditionally essential

A ribosome is best described as:

A protein-making site (machine)

Making mRNA from DNA is called?

transcription

When amino acids undergo deamination, they release ___ and a keto acid.

ammonia

The breakdown and rebuilding of protein is called:

protein turnover

Giant protein molecules that protect the body are:

antibodies

High-protein diets require more

water

What disease affects hemoglobin?

sickle- cell anemia

essential amino acids are those that:

The body cannot make in sufficient amounts

To meet protein needs, an athletes should:

eat a variety of food groups

Which part of an amino acids makes it unique?

Side group

Which food has the best protein quality?

turkey

Protein RDA per kg body weight is

0.8

Protein quality is determined by:

amino acids composition/ Digestibility

Which protein hormone regulates blood glucose?

insulin