Who were the three advisors to Ptolemy XIII responsible for driving Cleopatra out of Alexandria in 48 BC?

Pothinus (the eunuch) Achillas (the soldier) and Theodotus (the tutor)

Where did Cleopatra flee in 48 BC to raise a mercenary army against her brother?

Syria (specifically the area around Pelusium and Ascalon)

What major Roman figure was murdered on the orders of Ptolemy XIII's advisors in 48 BC?

Pompey the Great (Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus)

How did Caesar react when presented with the head of Pompey in Egypt?

He was outraged and distressed by the treacherous murder of a former son-in-law and Roman hero

According to Plutarch, how did Cleopatra gain a secret audience with Caesar in the royal palace?

She was smuggled inside a 'bed-sack' (or laundry bundle) carried by her friend Apollodorus

What was the 'Alexandrine War' (48–47 BC)?

A four-month siege in which Caesar and Cleopatra were trapped in the royal palace by Ptolemy XIII's forces

What was the fate of Ptolemy XIII following his defeat at the Battle of the Nile?

He drowned in the river Nile while attempting to flee

Who was installed as Cleopatra's co-ruler in 47 BC following the death of Ptolemy XIII?

Her younger brother, Ptolemy XIV (then aged about thirteen)

What grand leisure activity did Caesar and Cleopatra undertake in mid-47 BC?

A Nile cruise on a massive state yacht (barge) to Ethiopia to display Egypt's wealth

What was the name of the son born to Cleopatra in 47 BC?

Ptolemy Caesar, popularly known by the nickname 'Caesarion'

Which source mentions a book by Gaius Oppius written specifically to deny that Caesar was Caesarion's father?

Suetonius (Life of the Divine Julius)

Where did Cleopatra stay during her visits to Rome between 46 and 44 BC?

In Caesar's private villa across the river Tiber

What formal title did the Senate grant Cleopatra during her stay in Rome?

'Friend and Ally of the Roman People'

What controversial religious honor did Caesar bestow upon Cleopatra in Rome?

He placed a golden statue of her in the Temple of Venus Genetrix

Which source contains the famous line 'I hate the Queen' regarding Cleopatra's time in Rome?

Cicero (in a Letter to Atticus)

What does the coin minted in Ascalon (50/49 BC) suggest about Cleopatra's early reign?

It signifies her efforts to mint independent coinage and claim authority early in her conflict with her brother

What do the reliefs at the Temple of Hathor in Dendera depict regarding Cleopatra's son?

They show Cleopatra as a divine queen standing behind Caesarion, presenting him as a legitimate Pharaoh and king

According to Cassius Dio, who held the actual power during the joint reign of Cleopatra and Ptolemy XIV?

Cleopatra ruled alone in reality, as her husband was still just a boy

When was Julius Caesar assassinated?

March 15, 44 BC (the Ides of March)

What was Cleopatra's immediate response to the assassination of Caesar?

She fled Rome and returned to Egypt, fearing for her safety and that of Caesarion