| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
thought of indivisible "atomos" | Democritus |
believed electrons move through spherical regions located a fixed distance from the nucleus | Neils Bohr |
discovered electrons using Crookes tubes | J.J. thompson |
first suggested that elements are made of atoms and that the atoms of an element are all alike | John Dalton |
developed the nuclear model | ernest rutherford |
developed the Plum Pudding model | J.J. Thompson |
developed the Saturnian model | Hataro Nagaoka |
this subatomic particle is found in the nucleus and has no electrical charge | Neutron [remember the neutron is NEUTRAL] |
this subatomic particle has a CHARGE of +1e | Proton [PRO which is +] |
this subatomic particle is the most massive of these three subatomic particles | Neutron |
the quantity of this subatomic particle in a atom of a substance determines the atoms identity | Proton |
this subatomic particle has a charge of -1e | Electron |
this subatomic particle is the smallest of these three subatomic particles | Electron |
a weighted average of the masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes | atomic mass |
the number of protons found in the nucleus of a given element | atomic number |
one-twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom | unified atomic mass unit |
represented by the letter "u" | unified atomic mass unit |
the total number of particles found in the nucleus of a given element | mass number |
changes the idea that opposite charges attract and like electrical charges repel is known as what...? | law of electrostatic |
the gold foil experiments led to the discovery of the...? | nucleus |
the region around a nucleus where electrons are likely to be found is a what | orbital |
the smallest of the main subatomic particles is the what | electron |
the unique number of protons in the atoms of an element is that elements what? | atomic number |
atoms of the same element with differing numbers of neutrons are called what | isotopes |
the total number of particles in a atom's nucleus is indicated by the isotopes what | mass numbers |
a positively or negatively charged atom is known as a what | ion |
an ion that has more protons than electrons are called a what | cation |
ions that have a negative charge are called what | anion |
the model suggests that within an atom negatively charged electrons are embedded within a (+) charged substance | plum pudding model |
who was the first to disprove the idea that atoms are indivisible? how was it done? | J.J. Thompson discovered the electron dividing the atom using cathode ray experiments |
which scientist proposed that electrons could be found in distinct energy levels? | Neils Bohr |
how many neutrons does rubidium-85 have? (may need periodic table) | 48 |
a neutral atom of aluminum-27 has an atomic of 13. how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does this atom have? | 13 protons 14 neutrons and 13 electrons |
an oxygen isotope has eight protons, ten neutrons and eight electrons? what is this isotope atomic number and mass number | atomic number is 8 and the mass number is 18 |
one isotope of phosphorous has 15 protons and 18 neutrons what is the name of this isotope? | phosphorus-33 |
give number of protons, electrons, and neutrons for the neutral lead isotope | 82 protons, 126 neutrons, 81 and electrons |
Aristotle first called particles Atomos from which we get our word atom | false |
John Dalton thought that atoms are indivisible and cannot be destroyed | true |
John Dalton proposed that atoms are hard spheres of diff sizes and masses | true |
the discovery of electrons demonstrated that atoms are not divisible | true |
the nucleus model suggests that the nucleus of an atoms is almost as large as the size of the entire atom | false |
most of an atom consists of empty space | true |
quantum mechanics deals with the behavior of matter and energy at the atomic and subatomic levels | true |
Neils Bohr suggested that electrons are located in different shaped regions around the nucleus | false |
the Bohr model of the atom is the most workable to date | false |
current atomic models show that electrons travel in distinct spherical orbits around the nucleus | false |
scientists currently hold to the quantum-mechanical bc it is able to precisely pinpoint the locations of an atoms electrons | false |
the quantum-mechanical model is the primary model used by scientists today | true |
electrons in the quantum-mechanical occupy orbits | false |
protons were difficult to discover because they have no electrical charge | false |
ions are atoms that have unequal numbers of protons and neutrons | false |
an anion has a negative charge bc it has lost an electron | false |
sulfide a sulfur ion indicated by S2- (the 2- is supposed to be like an exponet) has lost two electrons | false |
Christians should ignore the risk of radiation exposure and trust God to protect them | false |
why is the Bohr model still in widespread use today? | a. it is the most workable model to date b. it is fairly simple and easy to understand c. it is correct in its depiction of atomic structure d. it represents energy levels in a way that is easier to visualize (b and d) |
which of the following accurately describes a cation? select all that apply. | a. it has more electrons than protons b. it has more protons than electrons c. it is positively charged d. it is negatively charged (b and c) |
Democritus suggested that matter: | a. could be subdivided an unlimited number of times b. existed in the form of very small indivisible particles c. was continuous d. was made of spherical atoms surrounded by heat envelopes [b]
|
the earliest record of a particle theory of matter is from the a. english b. greeks c. japanese d. romans | a. english b. greeks c. japanese d. romans
[b] |
with which of these statements would John Dalton have disagreed? a. atoms of an element are alike b. atoms can be divided into protons, neutrons, and electrons c. atoms cannot be created or destroyed d. elements are made only up of atoms | a. atoms of an element are alike b. atoms can be divided into protons, neutrons, and electrons c. atoms cannot be created or destroyed d. elements are made only up of atoms [b] |
the law of electrostatic charges states that | a. atoms of an element are alike b. atoms can be divided into protons, neutrons, and electrons c. atoms cannot be created or destroyed d. elements are made only up of atoms [c] |
according to his research with Crookes tubes which of the following scientists suggested that cathode rays were made of negatively charged particles | a. ernest rutherford b. john dalton c. j.j. thompson d. neils bohr
[c] |
who first proved that atoms were divisible when he saw the evidence of charged particles existing in the atoms a. ernest rutherford b. john dalton c. j.j. thompson d. neils bohr | a. ernest rutherford b. john dalton c. j.j. thompson d. neils bohr
[c] |
what is j.j. thompsons atomic model called? a. the nuclear model b. the plum pudding model c. the quantum-mechanical model d. the saturnian model | a. the nuclear model b. the plum pudding model c. the quantum-mechanical model d. the saturnian model
[b] |
j.j. thompson dicovered the existence of the a. atom b. electron c. neutron d. proton | a. atom b. electron c. neutron d. proton
[b] |
in rutherfords expierments a beam of _______ was directed at a peice of gold foil a. alpha particles b. atoms c. copuscles d. electrons | a. alpha particles b. atoms c. copuscles d. electrons
[a] |
which if the following observations did not lead Rutherford to believe that most of the atom's mass and positive charges were densely packed into a very small space? | a. some alpha particles bounced off the foil at sharp angles b. some alpha particles emitted photons as they fell back into their original energy levels c. some alpha particles were deflected at varying angles as they passed through the gold foil d. most alpha particles passed through the gold foil undeflected
[b] |
Rutherford's gold foil experiments gave rise to which atomic model | a. the nuclear model b. plum pudding model c. the quantum-mechanical model d. the saturnian model
[a] |
experiments involving ______ led to the discovery of the nucleus | a. alpha particles and gold foil b. chem reactions of gases c. Crookes tubes and cathode rays d. emission spectrum
[a] |
quantum-mechanics is a branch of physics that deals with ____ | a. classical physics b. gravitational force and magnetic fields c. laws of motion d. matter and energy at atomic and subatomic levels
[d] |
the Bohr model suggests that electrons move how | a. in a flat ring around a massive positively charged center b. only in distinct spherical orbits at fixed distances from the nucleus c. randomly about the nucleus d. rapidly throughout a uniform positively charged matrix
[b] |
which of the following is not a reason that the Bohr model is still in widespread use today | a. it is fairly simple to understand to understand b. it remains useful for showing chem bonding works c. it is still the most workable model to date d. it represents energy levels in a way that is easier to visualize than most recent models
[c] |
what is the currently accepted model of the atom | a. the bohr model b. the nuclear model c. the quantum-mechanical model d. the subatomic model
[c] |
the ____________ is about 1836 times the mass of an electron the slightly more massive _________ is about 1838 times the mass of an electron | a. anion; cation b. cation; anion c. neutron; proton d. proton; neutron
[d] |
potassium-39 and potassium-41 always have the same number of what | a. electrons b. neutrons c. protons d. all the above
[c] |
copper-63 and copper-65 can never have the same number of what | a. electrons b. neutrons c. protons d. all of the above [b] |
carbon-14 is diff from carbon-12 in that is has a diff number of | a. electrons b. neutrons c. protons d. all of the above
[b] |
which of the following is not a way that an ion can be formed | a. an atom can gain extra electrons b. an atom can lose electrons c. an atom can lose a neutron d. all the above lead to ion formation
[c] |
an anion has more _______ than _____ | a. electrons; neutrons b. electrons; protons c. neutrons; protons d. protons; electrons
[b] |
which of the following represents a sodium atom that has lost an electron | a. Na- b. Na+ (cant see what c or d is) [b] |
which of the following is not typically represented with whole numbers | a. atomic mass b. atomic number c. mass number d. all of the above represented with whole numbers
[a] |
which of the following is a weighted average? | a. atomic mass b. atomic number c. mass number d. none of these
[a] |
which of the following is not an appropriate bibical motivation for managing radiation exposure | a. loving my neighbor by alerting others to the hazards of radiation exposure b. demonstrating Gods love and concern by helping prevent radiation exposure c. trusting God by ignoring the risk of radiation exposure d. none of these is an appropriate biblical motivation
[c] |
what does the 2- indicate in the oxygen ion O2- | oxygen has gained 2 electrons now it has a -2 charge |
silicon has three stable isotopes silicone-28 silicon-29 and silicone-30 silicones atomic mass is 28.085u which isotope of silicone is more common explain | since silicon's atomic mass of 28.085 is closer to 28 we can expect that majority of silicon must exist in the form of the silicon-28 isotope |