SS Midterm Review

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What prompted the call to rewrite the Articles of Confederation?
Limitations on the central government led to an economic downturn

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TermDefinition
What prompted the call to rewrite the Articles of Confederation?Limitations on the central government led to an economic downturn
Why did the Great Compromise establish a two-house legislature?To fairly represent all states
How did the Magna Carta influence the writing of the U.S. Constitution?People have the right to a trial by jury and to own private property
What was the main subject of debate among delegates to the Convention?How the legislature would be structured
What finally persuaded the delegates to the Virginia convention to ratify the Constitution?They believed a bill of rights would be added to the Constitution
Why is James Madison considered to be the "Father of the Constitution"?His ideas about democratic government influenced the writing of the Constitution
What does it mean to assemble peacefully?Gather in groups to protest (no violence) without fear of government retaliation
What does the principle of separation of powers make possible in American government?It provides for a system of checks and balances among branches of government
John Locke's ideas influenced the Constitution in several ways, including his idea that...Government is an agreement between ruler and the ruled
Montesquieu's ideas of separation of powers kept one person or group of people from gaining too much power by...Dividing power among three branches of government
Why is it important for people to serve on juries when they are called upon to do so?Serving on a jury protects the rights of someone accused of a crime
One example of people who are naturalized citizens include individuals who...Were under 18 when their parents were naturalized
Based on the First Amendment rights, one understands that the US Constitution values...The rights of individuals
Reading a newspaper is an example of responsible citizenship because it helps a person...Stay informed about public issues
How does the Constitution reflect the principle of popular sovereignty?By allowing the people to choose their representatives
Which group gained greater political rights when amendments were added to the Constitution?African Americans
The term "judicial review" means that the Supreme Court has the ability to determine if...A law passed by Congress is unconstitutional
What effect did the Three-Fifths Compromise have on the southern states?It gave those states more representation in Congress
As part of the Missouri Compromise, _______ was admitted to the Union as a free state and _______ was admitted as a slave state.Maine, Missouri
List TWO advantages held by the Confederacy as the war began.-Defending their way of life -Fighting mostly on home territory
Why might some southerners have been surprised when Lincoln was elected as President?Lincoln's name had not appeared on ballots in most southern states
Southern states began to secede largely because they felt that...Lincoln as President was a threat to their way of life
What was the North's biggest advantage in the Civil War?Its strong industrial economy
To avoid civil war in 1850, Senato Daniel Webster supported a congressional compromise that created the Fugitive Slave Law, even though he opposed slavery. How did this affect growing conflict between North and South?It kept the South from seceding for several years, but it raged many northerners who were now forced by law to return escaped slaves
What did long-term sectionalism have on the United States?It divided the northern, southern, and western states along regional issues such as slavery, the power of the central government, and westward government
What did California's request for admission to the Union as a free state cause John Calhoun to threaten?The secession of southern states
How did "Uncle Tom's Cabin" affect attitudes toward slavery?It convinced northerners they could no longer ignore the moral issue of slavery
Summarize: "[T]hat we here highly resolve [decide] that these dead shall vain--that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom--and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from this earth."Americans should honor the sacrifice of soldiers by continuing democratic government
How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the Civil War?It gave a greater moral purpose to the Union side
What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam?There were an astonishing number of fatalities
Summarize Confederate soldier's home letter to family in 1862: "Our regiment did not have many wounded nor killed but a good many taken prisoners... Pa, I want you to have me a pair of boots made. Those shoes you had made for me ripped all to pieces. Our regiment used everything we had. I have no blanket nor any clothes but what I have got."Soldiers suffered from poor conditions and inadequate supplies
How did women contribute to the Civil War effort?Nurses, took men's jobs
What was General Ulysses S. Grant's goal leading up to the Battle of Shiloh?Union control of the Mississippi River
Toward the end of the Civil War, how did General Grant's actions affect southern civilians?He ordered his generals to impose a "total war" strategy on the South.
According to Lincoln, why did the Constitution give him the right to suspend habeas corpus?The draft riots were examples of rebellion that threatened the public safety
Describe the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments.13th - Officially ended slavery 14th - Defined citizens as people born in the US or naturalized 15th - Extended the right to vote to African American male citizens
Why did the Republicans in Congress attempt to impeach President Andrew Johnson?They disagreed over plans for Reconstruction
How did the Reconstruction Acts impact black American participation in government?Allowed increase participation for black Americans in government
Describe the impact Reconstruction had on education.Available for more people
Why would the loss of farms make it especially difficult for the southern economy to recover?The southern economy was largely based on agriculture
What happened after the Fifteenth Amendment?New methods were found to prevent African Americans from voting
What problem did the South face after the war that the North did not face?Massive deconstruction of its cities and farms
The purpose of the Thirteenth Amendment was to...Abolish slavery
Define collective bargaining.Union leaders negotiate with managers to gain benefits for the whole group
Which economic practice helps motivate companies to keep prices low and improve product quality?Competition
Who owns businesses in a capitalist economy?Individuals
What is the potential benefit of purchasing stock in a company?Earning dividends when the value of stock increases
Describe the long-term consequence of working children missing school.Difficulty improving their lives as adults without education
How did the Triangle Shirtwaist factory fire impact workplace legislation?New laws were passed to protect workers
The Model T Ford (car) cost $825 in 1908. In 1927 it cost only $290. Why did the price of the Model T Ford drop drastically between 1908 & 1927?Mass production made it easier and faster to produce cars