The hypothalamus regulates the _______

anterior pituitary

Steps of the Hypothalamus-Anterior Pituitary Complex?

1.) Hypothalamus secretes a releasing hormone into the anterior pituitary 2.) This then causes the anterior pituitary to release a stimulating hormone into the bloodstream 3.) This hormone stimulates the target gland to release a target gland hormone (hormone 3) into the blood that travels to a target tissue and produces an effect.

Thyroxine Negative Feedback loop steps *

The thyroid gland produces T4 hormone The anterior pituitary releases a hormone called TSH. As thyroxine levels rise in the blood, thyroxine itself feeds back to the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, which suppresses the secretion of TSH and therefore thyroxine. T4 is thyroxine**

Calcium levels are regulated by a hormone called _____

calcitonin, which is secreted by the thyroid gland

When the concentration of calcium in the blood is too high, what does calcitonin do?

Stimulates the uptake of calcium into the bones, which lowers blood calcium concentration.

What part of the Endocrine System produces epinephrine and norepinephrine?

Adrenal Glands

What happens during the fight or Flight response?

Neurons of the nervous system stimulate the adrenal glands to produce the hormones, which increase the body’s metabolism, breathing rate, and heart rate.

What is the main function of cortisol?

Raise blood sugar levels through the metabolism of proteins and fats.

When the brain detects danger, the hypothalamus directs the anterior pituitary to release?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which in turn targets the adrenal glands to release cortisol.

What does increased cortisol in the blood cause?

Negative Feedback on the hypothalamus/anterior pituitary This stops cortisol release and also suppresses ACTH production.

Pancreas secretes what hormones?

Insulin & Glucagon

What happens when blood glucose rises?

The pancreas creates insulin

What happens when blood glucose levels are too low?

Pancreas secretes glucagon