Temperature and Thermometer: - Temperature is the degree of how hot or cold something is. - A thermometer is an instrument used for measuring temperature; the most common liquid found in conventional (traditional) thermometers is mercury (Hg). To read the temperature properly, the eye level should be placed at the horizontal level of the liquid surface inside the thermometer. - The degree Celsius (°C) is a unit of temperature. NOTE: To find how many degrees is every division in a thermometer, we subtract the higher degree given by the lower degree given, and we divide the answer by the number of divisions/spaces between the two. (page 87 and 95 #7) • Transfer of Heat: - When the particles of matter move, they create heat energy (thermal energy). The more the particles move, the higher the temperature. - Heat can transfer through three ways: 1- Conduction (touch): heat transfers by direct contact, usually in solids. 2- Convection (flow): heat transfers by the movement of the particles of liquids and gases. 3- Radiation (glow): heat transfers without contact, from afar by waves, without needing matter. It could transfer in vacuum (no air needed).