Receptive drawing:

Drawing by carefully observing and recording what you see.

Projective drawing:

Drawing from imagination, memory, or ideas rather than directly observing something.

Three purposes of drawing:

Record — document what you see. Plan —prepare for another artwork or project. Express — how you feel about you work

Hatching: .

Using parallel lines to create shading.

Cross-hatching:

Using intersecting sets of lines to create darker shading.

Contour hatching:

Lines that follow the curves or shape of an object.

Tooth:

The roughness or texture of drawing paper that allows it to hold dry media.

Dry media:

Drawing materials that do not require a liquid, such as pencil, charcoal, and pastel.

Liquid media:

Drawing materials that use a liquid, such as ink.

Pencil:

Graphite in a wooden or mechanical holder; useful for detailed drawings and shading.

Charcoal:

Burned wood or another carbon material; creates rich blacks and loose, expressive marks.

Conté crayon:

A hard drawing stick made from pigment mixed with a binder; available in colors such as black, white, and red.

Pastel:

Pigment held together with a small amount of binder; produces soft, colorful marks.

Fixative:

A liquid sprayed onto a drawing to help keep dry media from smearing.

Wash (ink):

Ink diluted with water to create areas of light and dark.

Pigment:

The colored substance that gives paint its color.

Binder:

The material that holds pigment particles together.

Vehicle:

The liquid that carries the pigment and binder and makes the paint workable.

Support:

The surface on which an artwork is created, such as canvas, wood, or paper.

Watercolor:

Transparent paint made with pigment and a water-based binder; usually painted on paper.

Fresco:

Painting with pigments onto wet plaster. The pigment becomes part of the wall as the plaster dries

Encaustic:

Paint made by mixing pigment with hot wax.

Tempera:

Paint made by mixing pigment with a water-based binder, traditionally egg yolk.

Oil:

Paint made with pigments suspended in drying oil, usually linseed oil.

Acrylic:

Fast-drying, water-based paint made with acrylic polymer.

Glaze:

A thin, transparent layer of paint placed over another layer to change its color or appearance.

Gesso:

A coating applied to a surface to prepare it for painting.

Airbrush:

A tool that sprays paint or pigment onto a surface using compressed air.

Matrix:

The surface or block used to create a print.

Edition.

A group of prints made from the same matrix

Artist's Proof:

A print kept by the artist from an edition, usually outside the numbered edition.

Relief printmaking:

Ink is applied to the raised surface of a matrix. Example: woodcut.

Intaglio printmaking:

Ink is placed into grooves or recessed areas of the matrix. Examples: engraving and etching.

Lithography:

A printing process based on the fact that oil and water repel each other.

Engraving:

An intaglio technique where lines are physically carved into a metal plate.

Etching:

An intaglio process where acid is used to create lines in a metal plate.

Woodcut:

A relief print made by carving away areas of a wooden block.

Aquatint:

An intaglio technique used mainly to create areas of tone and shading.

Stencil:

A design made by cutting shapes into a material so ink or paint can pass through the openings

Screenprinting:.

A stencil-based printing process in which ink is pushed through a mesh screen.

Camera obscura:

An early optical device in which light passes through a small opening into a dark space and projects an image of the outside world. It helped lead to the development of photography.

Color photography:

Photography that records images using color rather than only black, white, and gray.

Photography and social change:

Photography has documented wars, poverty, civil rights movements, politics, cultures, and important events, helping people see and understand social issues.

Cinematography:

The art and technique of creating the visual appearance of a film through camera work, lighting, composition, and movement.

Shot:

A continuous piece of film recorded by a camera from the moment it starts recording until it stops.

Montage:

Editing together different shots to create meaning, an idea, or a sense of time passing.

Parallel editing:

Cutting between two or more scenes or actions happening in different places, often at the same time.

Film noir:

A style of film known for dark visuals, crime stories, morally complicated characters, and a pessimistic mood.

Femme fatale:

A mysterious or seductive female character who often leads a male character into danger or trouble.

Storyboard:

A series of drawings showing how the shots and scenes of a film will be arranged.

Characteristics of modern blockbusters:

Large budgets, Spectacular special effects. Action and entertainment, Famous actors, Large-scale marketing. Designed to attract a very large audience

Serif:

A small decorative stroke at the end of a letter. Example: Times New Roman.

Sans serif:

A typeface without decorative strokes on the ends of letters. Example: Arial.

Title sequence:

The opening part of a film that presents the title, actors, directors, and other important credits, often using graphics, music, and imagery.