Term

Layers are the transparent sheets that can hold objects and are stacked on the top of each other. When you have a number of objects, it is always better to distribute the objects in different layers as it makes the work process much easier. You can draw and edit the objects on one layer without affecting the objects on another layer. You can add a number of layers, make them visible or invisible, change their position, and even customise them as per the requirement. >>Creating a New Layer ( How to custe u now tayo,, To create a new layer, follow the given steps: Click on the Layer menu, Select the New Layer option. The New Layer dialog box appears, Specify the Layer name, Width, and Height of the layer. Whatever you draw now will be associated with this layer only. ► Click on the OK button. Note The Layers tab displays a small thumbnail view of an image. When you add a layer, it will be added above the previous layer. You can work on any layer by selecting it from the Layers tab in the right panel. >> Renaming a Layer To rename a layer, follow the given steps: Select the layer from the Layers tab and right-click on it. Select Edit Layer Attributes option from the Context menu. The Layer Attributes dialog box appears. How to rename a a layer! Type a suitable name in the Layer name textbox and click on the OK button. Duplicating a Layer The Duplicate Layer option adds a new layer to the image, which is an identical copy of the active layer. To create a duplicate layer, do the following In the Layers tab, right-click on Layer that has to duplicate New from Visible New Layer Group Duplicate Select the Duplicate Layer option. Observe, an identical layer gets added in the Layers tab. Making Layers Visible/Invisible You can make the layer visible or invisible (hidden) by clicking on the Eye icon present at the left-most side of the layer name under the Layers tab. Once the layer is hidden, no tool can be applied to it. >> Merging layer Merging layers means to combine two layers into a single layer. Let us merge the two different images by following the given steps: Open two different images by using the File > Open option. Observe that these images will appear as thumbnails below the Menu bar. Select the thumbnail of the first image and copy it by using the Edit > Copy option. Now, select the thumbnail of the second image and paste first image in it by using the Edit > Paste option. Observe that a new layer gets added in the Layers tab with the name (Pasted Layer). Floating Selection Right-click on it and select the option - To New Layer. Adjust the position of the image with the help of the Move Tool. Finally, select the Merge Down option from the Layer menu. Both the layers get merged into one. >> Deleting a Layer To delete a layer from the Layers tab, follow these steps: Select the layer to be deleted. Click on the Layer menu and select the Delete Layer option. The selected layer gets deleted. Note You can also delete a layer from the Delete this Layer button located on the Layers tab. >> Paint Tools GIMP provides you with many tools for quick and easy image transformation, and helps to make the image look attractive. Paintbrush Tool The Paintbrush tool is used to create smooth strokes of the foreground colour in your image. It can also be used to paint on images, selections, or layers. Follow the given steps to use the Paintbrush tool: ► Open any image. Select the Paintbrush Tool Toolbox. Choose the desired brush type and size from the Tool Options pane. Double-click on the Foreground colour box in the Toolbox. The Change Foreground Color dialog box appears. Select the desired colour. Drag the pointer over the image to apply the brush strokes. Fact File By default, GIMP does not contain any image. You can either create a new image or open a saved image. Note By default, the foreground colour is black and background white. The Foreground/Background colour box is available in the Toolbox. Clicking on either one of these opens a colour selector dialog box that allows you to change to a different colour. Color Picker Tool It is used to select a colour of the pixel on the image. This tool replaces the existing colour of an image with the colour selected in the foreground colour box. Select the Color Picker Tool Click on any part of the image to choose the colour. Observe that the selected colour will be displayed in the foreground colour box. Select the Paintbrush Tool to paint strokes. and drag the pointer on the image Quick View Shit+Ctrl + D key combination creates a duplicate copy of the selected layer. Let's Know More Normally, Tool Options are displayed in a window attached under the Toolbox as you activate a tool. If the Tool options are not displayed, select Windows > Dockable Dialogs > Tool Options from the menu bar. Note By pressing the Shift key along with the Color Picker Tool, the Color Picker information window gets opened. The Ink tool uses a simulation of an ink pen with a controllable nib to paint the solid brush strokes. The size, shape, and angle of the nib can be set to determine how the strokes will be applied. Open any image and select the Ink Tool from the Toolbox. The mouse pointer changes to the pen nib. In the Tool Options pane, select the appropriate size, shape, and angle of the nib. Click on the Foreground Color box. Select the desired colour from the Change Foreground Color dialog Click on the OK button. The foreground box colour changes to the selected colour. Drag the mouse pointer over the image to apply the brush strokes over it. Note Pressing the Ctrl key will change the nib to colour Picker. Clone Tool The Clone tool allows you to repair problem areas in digital photos, by painting over them with what you have copied from the other areas. In simple words, this tool creates a duplicate copy of one part of an image over another part of the same image. To use this tool, follow the given instructions: ▸ Open the image and select the Clone Tool & Set the brush size and style from the Tool Options pane. Hold down the Ctrl key and click on the image to be cloned to define a source point. Release the Ctrl key and drag the mouse pointer to the place where the clone is to be created. Healing tool What is a healing tool? The Healing tool is quite similar to the Clone tool, but it is more effective in fixing image imperfections, such as wrinkles, blemishes, dark spots, and scars. It takes a sample of the normal area of the image and replaces the defective area with the selected source area. ► Open the image to be edited and select the Healing Tool from the Toolbox. Choose the appropriate size and shape of the brush from the Tool Options pane. Take the pointer to the normal area, which is free from imperfections. Press the Ctrl key and click to take the sample from the source point. Before Release the Ctrl key and drag the tool over the defective area of the image to fix the imperfections. Dodge/Burn Tool What is da dangeroustool!? This tool is used to lighten or darken the colours in the image. The Dodge effect lightens the colours and creates a soft tone in the selected image, whereas the Burn effect darkens the colours. It lets you improve the clarity of an image by sharpening the outlines of the image more prominently. Let's Know More Cutting unwanted background to bring out the required area of the image is called cropping an image What is cropping an image? Follow the given steps to use this tool: Open any image and select the Dodge/Burn Tool Toolbox. from the Select the brush size and style from the Tool Options pane. Move the Dodge/Burn Tool over the area that you wish to blur by holding down the left mouse button. Let's Know More Pencil Tool This tool is used to draw freehand with hard edges. The Shortcut key to select the Pencil tool is N Fact File You can also select Shift+F keys to activate the Flip tool. You can toggle between the Dodge/Burn effects with the help of the Ctrl key. The Burn tool will remain active until the Ctrl key is released. The shortcut key to select the Dodge tool is Shift+D. Smudge Tool As the name implies, this tool allows you to smudge the colour of the image. It takes the current colour and mixes it with the next colour it meets. To use this tool, follow the given steps: Open any image and click on the Smudge Tool from the Toolbox. Select the appropriate brush type and size. Drag the tool over the area of the image you want to smudge. Tip The Shift key places the Smudge tool into straight line mode. >> Transform Tools Another category of tools in GIMP is Transform tools. Let us discuss some of the important tools from this category. Scale Image This command enlarges or reduces the physical size of the image by changing the number of pixels it contains. It changes the size of the contents of the image and resizes the canvas ccordingly. To scale an image, follow the given steps: Open any image. Choose the Scale Tool Toolbox. from the Click on the image. The Scale dialog box appears. This box enables you to change the width and height of an image. A grid is superimposed on the image. The grid displays handles on each corner and on each side of the image. ► Specify the values for Width and Height of the image in the Scale dialog box. Click on the Scale button. The image gets resized. Flip tool The Flip tool provides the ability to flip the layers or selections either horizontally or vertically. This tool can be used to create reflections or mirror images. To use this tool: Open any image and click on the Flip Tool present on the Toolbox . Now, click on the image. The image gets flipped horizontally. Notes When a selection is flipped, a new layer with a Floating Selection is created. The Ctrl key allows you to change the mode between horizontal and vertical flipping. Zoom This tool is used to either enlarge the image or shrink its size while editing the image. To use this Toolbox. You will find the magnifying glass with + sign on the screen. Click on the image and observe that the image size is increased. To reduce the size of the image, press the Ctrl key and click on the image. The mouse pointer will change into a (-) sign along with the magnifying glass. Rotate Tool The Rotate Tool allows you to rotate the active layer, a selection, or a path. You can set the rotation axis and angle. To use this tool: Open any image and select the Rotate Tool from the Toolbox. Click on the image. The Rotate dialog box appears. Rotate Set the rotation angle and coordinates (x, y) for the rotation axis Click on the Rotate button and observe the change. Note Holding the Ctrl key will constrain the rotation angle to increase by 15 degrees. GIMP Additional Tools There are some additional tools also in GIMP. Let us discuss some of them. Screenshot GIMP allows the users to capture the screenshot of the image or entire window. To capture the How to take a screen shot in GIMP7 screenshot: Open any image. Click on File > Create > Screenshot. The Screenshot dialog box appears. You can either select the Take a screenshot of a screen option button. single window or Take a screenshot of the entire Sit Screenshot The Delay feature allows you to issue the command to take a screenshot after an interval that you specify. Click on the Snap button) The screenshot of the image appears on the screen. Filters Filters help you to apply special effects to an image or the selected part of it. GIMP offers types of artistic ways to apply on image that may enhance its meaning. 11. Map 1.Blur 2. Noise 3. Enhance 4. Artistic 6. Edge-Detect 7.Décor 8.Animation 9.Distorts 10. Generic 12. Light and Shadow 13. Combine 14. Render Let us apply Décor filter to the image. To do so, follow the given steps: Open the image. Click on the Filter menu and choose the Décor filter. Select the Fuzzy Border option. A Scripy-Fu: Fuzzy Border dialog box opens. Now, make the changes as per your requirement. Click on the OK button to see the effect. Similarly, other filters can be applied on the image. >> Color Tools The Colors tab is present in the Menu bar of the GIMP window. It contains the full range of image refinement commands, such as Color Balance, Brightness, and Hue-Saturation. Let us try some of them: Color Balance This option adjusts the colour distribution in the image. To apply this effect, select the Colors > Color Balance. The Color Balance dialog box appears. You can increase or decrease the cyan, magenta, and yellow colour slider buttons as needed and observe the change in the selected image. Brightness-Contrast To change the brightness or contrast of the image select the Colors >Brightness-Contrast option. Adjust Brightness and Contrast dialog box appears wyer can change the settings either by increasing or decreasing the slider buttons in the dialog box. Split view Cancel Note To undo any effect on image at any point of time, select Ctrl+Z. You can observe the change in the image while changing the position of the slider buttons for the Brightness and Contrast options. Color Curves Once you have selected the colours of your image, you can also modify its color curves. With the help of the Color Curves option you can easily adjust the sharpness of the selected color. To change the colour curves: Select the Colors > Curves option from the Menu bar. The Adjust Color Curves dialog box appears. You will notice a diagonal straight line on the x and y coordinates. Move the mouse on the curve line. The mouse pointer will change into a plus '+' sign. ►Click and drag the curve either in downward or upward direction. Observe, when the curve is bent down, the colour of the image will change into its darker shade. When the curve bends upwards, the colour of an image becomes lighter.

Definition

Layers are the transparent sheets that can hold objects and are stacked on the top of each other. When you have a number of objects, it is always better to distribute the objects in different layers as it makes the work process much easier. You can draw and edit the objects on one layer without affecting the objects on another layer. You can add a number of layers, make them visible or invisible, change their position, and even customise them as per the requirement. >>Creating a New Layer ( How to custe u now tayo,, To create a new layer, follow the given steps: Click on the Layer menu, Select the New Layer option. The New Layer dialog box appears, Specify the Layer name, Width, and Height of the layer. Whatever you draw now will be associated with this layer only. ► Click on the OK button. Note The Layers tab displays a small thumbnail view of an image. When you add a layer, it will be added above the previous layer. You can work on any layer by selecting it from the Layers tab in the right panel. >> Renaming a Layer To rename a layer, follow the given steps: Select the layer from the Layers tab and right-click on it. Select Edit Layer Attributes option from the Context menu. The Layer Attributes dialog box appears. How to rename a a layer! Type a suitable name in the Layer name textbox and click on the OK button. Duplicating a Layer The Duplicate Layer option adds a new layer to the image, which is an identical copy of the active layer. To create a duplicate layer, do the following In the Layers tab, right-click on Layer that has to duplicate New from Visible New Layer Group Duplicate Select the Duplicate Layer option. Observe, an identical layer gets added in the Layers tab. Making Layers Visible/Invisible You can make the layer visible or invisible (hidden) by clicking on the Eye icon present at the left-most side of the layer name under the Layers tab. Once the layer is hidden, no tool can be applied to it. >> Merging layer Merging layers means to combine two layers into a single layer. Let us merge the two different images by following the given steps: Open two different images by using the File > Open option. Observe that these images will appear as thumbnails below the Menu bar. Select the thumbnail of the first image and copy it by using the Edit > Copy option. Now, select the thumbnail of the second image and paste first image in it by using the Edit > Paste option. Observe that a new layer gets added in the Layers tab with the name (Pasted Layer). Floating Selection Right-click on it and select the option - To New Layer. Adjust the position of the image with the help of the Move Tool. Finally, select the Merge Down option from the Layer menu. Both the layers get merged into one. >> Deleting a Layer To delete a layer from the Layers tab, follow these steps: Select the layer to be deleted. Click on the Layer menu and select the Delete Layer option. The selected layer gets deleted. Note You can also delete a layer from the Delete this Layer button located on the Layers tab. >> Paint Tools GIMP provides you with many tools for quick and easy image transformation, and helps to make the image look attractive. Paintbrush Tool The Paintbrush tool is used to create smooth strokes of the foreground colour in your image. It can also be used to paint on images, selections, or layers. Follow the given steps to use the Paintbrush tool: ► Open any image. Select the Paintbrush Tool Toolbox. Choose the desired brush type and size from the Tool Options pane. Double-click on the Foreground colour box in the Toolbox. The Change Foreground Color dialog box appears. Select the desired colour. Drag the pointer over the image to apply the brush strokes. Fact File By default, GIMP does not contain any image. You can either create a new image or open a saved image. Note By default, the foreground colour is black and background white. The Foreground/Background colour box is available in the Toolbox. Clicking on either one of these opens a colour selector dialog box that allows you to change to a different colour. Color Picker Tool It is used to select a colour of the pixel on the image. This tool replaces the existing colour of an image with the colour selected in the foreground colour box. Select the Color Picker Tool Click on any part of the image to choose the colour. Observe that the selected colour will be displayed in the foreground colour box. Select the Paintbrush Tool to paint strokes. and drag the pointer on the image Quick View Shit+Ctrl + D key combination creates a duplicate copy of the selected layer. Let's Know More Normally, Tool Options are displayed in a window attached under the Toolbox as you activate a tool. If the Tool options are not displayed, select Windows > Dockable Dialogs > Tool Options from the menu bar. Note By pressing the Shift key along with the Color Picker Tool, the Color Picker information window gets opened. The Ink tool uses a simulation of an ink pen with a controllable nib to paint the solid brush strokes. The size, shape, and angle of the nib can be set to determine how the strokes will be applied. Open any image and select the Ink Tool from the Toolbox. The mouse pointer changes to the pen nib. In the Tool Options pane, select the appropriate size, shape, and angle of the nib. Click on the Foreground Color box. Select the desired colour from the Change Foreground Color dialog Click on the OK button. The foreground box colour changes to the selected colour. Drag the mouse pointer over the image to apply the brush strokes over it. Note Pressing the Ctrl key will change the nib to colour Picker. Clone Tool The Clone tool allows you to repair problem areas in digital photos, by painting over them with what you have copied from the other areas. In simple words, this tool creates a duplicate copy of one part of an image over another part of the same image. To use this tool, follow the given instructions: ▸ Open the image and select the Clone Tool & Set the brush size and style from the Tool Options pane. Hold down the Ctrl key and click on the image to be cloned to define a source point. Release the Ctrl key and drag the mouse pointer to the place where the clone is to be created. Healing tool What is a healing tool? The Healing tool is quite similar to the Clone tool, but it is more effective in fixing image imperfections, such as wrinkles, blemishes, dark spots, and scars. It takes a sample of the normal area of the image and replaces the defective area with the selected source area. ► Open the image to be edited and select the Healing Tool from the Toolbox. Choose the appropriate size and shape of the brush from the Tool Options pane. Take the pointer to the normal area, which is free from imperfections. Press the Ctrl key and click to take the sample from the source point. Before Release the Ctrl key and drag the tool over the defective area of the image to fix the imperfections. Dodge/Burn Tool What is da dangeroustool!? This tool is used to lighten or darken the colours in the image. The Dodge effect lightens the colours and creates a soft tone in the selected image, whereas the Burn effect darkens the colours. It lets you improve the clarity of an image by sharpening the outlines of the image more prominently. Let's Know More Cutting unwanted background to bring out the required area of the image is called cropping an image What is cropping an image? Follow the given steps to use this tool: Open any image and select the Dodge/Burn Tool Toolbox. from the Select the brush size and style from the Tool Options pane. Move the Dodge/Burn Tool over the area that you wish to blur by holding down the left mouse button. Let's Know More Pencil Tool This tool is used to draw freehand with hard edges. The Shortcut key to select the Pencil tool is N Fact File You can also select Shift+F keys to activate the Flip tool. You can toggle between the Dodge/Burn effects with the help of the Ctrl key. The Burn tool will remain active until the Ctrl key is released. The shortcut key to select the Dodge tool is Shift+D. Smudge Tool As the name implies, this tool allows you to smudge the colour of the image. It takes the current colour and mixes it with the next colour it meets. To use this tool, follow the given steps: Open any image and click on the Smudge Tool from the Toolbox. Select the appropriate brush type and size. Drag the tool over the area of the image you want to smudge. Tip The Shift key places the Smudge tool into straight line mode. >> Transform Tools Another category of tools in GIMP is Transform tools. Let us discuss some of the important tools from this category. Scale Image This command enlarges or reduces the physical size of the image by changing the number of pixels it contains. It changes the size of the contents of the image and resizes the canvas ccordingly. To scale an image, follow the given steps: Open any image. Choose the Scale Tool Toolbox. from the Click on the image. The Scale dialog box appears. This box enables you to change the width and height of an image. A grid is superimposed on the image. The grid displays handles on each corner and on each side of the image. ► Specify the values for Width and Height of the image in the Scale dialog box. Click on the Scale button. The image gets resized. Flip tool The Flip tool provides the ability to flip the layers or selections either horizontally or vertically. This tool can be used to create reflections or mirror images. To use this tool: Open any image and click on the Flip Tool present on the Toolbox . Now, click on the image. The image gets flipped horizontally. Notes When a selection is flipped, a new layer with a Floating Selection is created. The Ctrl key allows you to change the mode between horizontal and vertical flipping. Zoom This tool is used to either enlarge the image or shrink its size while editing the image. To use this Toolbox. You will find the magnifying glass with + sign on the screen. Click on the image and observe that the image size is increased. To reduce the size of the image, press the Ctrl key and click on the image. The mouse pointer will change into a (-) sign along with the magnifying glass. Rotate Tool The Rotate Tool allows you to rotate the active layer, a selection, or a path. You can set the rotation axis and angle. To use this tool: Open any image and select the Rotate Tool from the Toolbox. Click on the image. The Rotate dialog box appears. Rotate Set the rotation angle and coordinates (x, y) for the rotation axis Click on the Rotate button and observe the change. Note Holding the Ctrl key will constrain the rotation angle to increase by 15 degrees. GIMP Additional Tools There are some additional tools also in GIMP. Let us discuss some of them. Screenshot GIMP allows the users to capture the screenshot of the image or entire window. To capture the How to take a screen shot in GIMP7 screenshot: Open any image. Click on File > Create > Screenshot. The Screenshot dialog box appears. You can either select the Take a screenshot of a screen option button. single window or Take a screenshot of the entire Sit Screenshot The Delay feature allows you to issue the command to take a screenshot after an interval that you specify. Click on the Snap button) The screenshot of the image appears on the screen. Filters Filters help you to apply special effects to an image or the selected part of it. GIMP offers types of artistic ways to apply on image that may enhance its meaning. 11. Map 1.Blur 2. Noise 3. Enhance 4. Artistic 6. Edge-Detect 7.Décor 8.Animation 9.Distorts 10. Generic 12. Light and Shadow 13. Combine 14. Render Let us apply Décor filter to the image. To do so, follow the given steps: Open the image. Click on the Filter menu and choose the Décor filter. Select the Fuzzy Border option. A Scripy-Fu: Fuzzy Border dialog box opens. Now, make the changes as per your requirement. Click on the OK button to see the effect. Similarly, other filters can be applied on the image. >> Color Tools The Colors tab is present in the Menu bar of the GIMP window. It contains the full range of image refinement commands, such as Color Balance, Brightness, and Hue-Saturation. Let us try some of them: Color Balance This option adjusts the colour distribution in the image. To apply this effect, select the Colors > Color Balance. The Color Balance dialog box appears. You can increase or decrease the cyan, magenta, and yellow colour slider buttons as needed and observe the change in the selected image. Brightness-Contrast To change the brightness or contrast of the image select the Colors >Brightness-Contrast option. Adjust Brightness and Contrast dialog box appears wyer can change the settings either by increasing or decreasing the slider buttons in the dialog box. Split view Cancel Note To undo any effect on image at any point of time, select Ctrl+Z. You can observe the change in the image while changing the position of the slider buttons for the Brightness and Contrast options. Color Curves Once you have selected the colours of your image, you can also modify its color curves. With the help of the Color Curves option you can easily adjust the sharpness of the selected color. To change the colour curves: Select the Colors > Curves option from the Menu bar. The Adjust Color Curves dialog box appears. You will notice a diagonal straight line on the x and y coordinates. Move the mouse on the curve line. The mouse pointer will change into a plus '+' sign. ►Click and drag the curve either in downward or upward direction. Observe, when the curve is bent down, the colour of the image will change into its darker shade. When the curve bends upwards, the colour of an image becomes lighter.