Adrenal Glands
Small glands located on top of each of the kidneys.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adrenal Glands | Small glands located on top of each of the kidneys. |
| Angina Pectoris | Occurs when the heart has insufficient supply of oxygen or inadequate removal of carbon dioxide and other waste products. |
| Atherosclerosis | Caused by deposits of cholesterol and other substances in the arterial walls which form plaques that narrow arteries. |
| Autoimmunity | Occurs when the body attacks the body's own tissue. |
| Blood Pressure | The force that blood exerts against the blood vessel walls. |
| Cardiovascular System | Comprises the heart, blood vessels, and blood and acts as the transport system of the body. |
| Catecholamines | Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system prompts the secretion of two neurotransmitters, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. |
| Cell-Mediated Immunity | Involves T lymphocytes. Slower response. |
| Cerebellum | Coordinates voluntary muscle movement, the maintenance of balance and equilibrium, and the maintenance of muscle tone and posture. |
| Cerebral Cortex | The largest portion of the brain, involved in higher-order intelligence, memory, and personality. |
| Endocrine System | Complements the nervous system in controlling bodily activities. |
| Humoral Immunity | Is mediated by B lymphocytes. Fast acting response. |
| Hypothalamus | Helps regulate cardiac functioning, blood pressure, respiration, water balance, and appetites, including hunger and sexual desire. |
| Immunity | The body's resistance to invading organisms. |
| Ischemia | A condition characterized by lack of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle. |
| Kidney Dialysis | Helps the body get rid of its waste. |
| Lupus | Leads to chronic inflammation, producing pain, heat, redness, and swelling, and can be life-threatening when it attacks the connective tissue of the body's internal organs. |
| Lymphatic System | The drainage system of the body. |
| Medulla | Responsible for the regulation of heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration. |
| Myocardial Infarction (MI) | Heart attack, which results when a clot has developed in a coronary vessel and blocks the flow of blood to the heart. |
| Nervous System | A complex network of interconnected nerve fibers. |
| Neurotransmitters | Regulate nervous system functioning. |
| Nonspecific Immune Mechanisms | Are a general set of responses to any kind of infection or disorder. |
| Parasympathetic Nervous System | Controls the activities of organs under normal circumstances and acts antagonistically to the sympathetic nervous system. |
| Phagocytosis | The process by which certain white blood cells ingest microbes. |
| Pituitary Gland | Located at the base of the brain has two lobes. |
| Platelets | They clump together to block small holes that develop in blood vessels. |
| Pons | Serves as the link between the hindbrain and the midbrain and also helps control respiration. |
| Renal System | Consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. |
| Respiratory System | Brings in oxygen through inspiration; it eliminates carbon dioxide through expiration. |
| Specific Immune Mechanisms | Are always acquired after birth, fight particular microorganisms and their toxins. |
| Sympathetic Nervous System | Prepares the body to respond to emergencies, to strong emotions such as anger or fear, and to strenuous activity. |
| Thalamus | Involved in the recognition of sensory stimuli and the relay of sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex. |