What is a Process (bone marking)?

Raised area, outgrowth or projection of bone (commonly used term)

What is a Process (bone marking)? Raised area, outgrowth or projection of bone (commonly used term) What is the Body of a bone? Main portion of a bone What is an Angle (bone)? A rounded corner What is a Concha? Thin, scroll-like structure What is a Cornu? Horn shaped (think of a cornucopia) What is a Coronoid projection? Crown shaped projection of bone What does Costal mean? Pertaining to a rib What is an Eminence? Area projecting from another area What is a Margin (bone)? Edge of bone What is the Neck of a long bone? Constricted portion that separates head and shaft What is a Notch? Indented area What is a Ramus? Branch of bone What is a Styloid process? Slender, pointed process What is a Crest? Prominent narrow ridge What is a Line (bone marking)? Narrow ridge, less prominent than a crest What is an Epicondyle? Bump on or near a condyle What is a Spine (bone)? Sharp, slender process of bone What is a Tubercle? Small rounded process for tendon/ligament attachment What is a Tuberosity? Large oblong roughened process What is a Trochanter? Very large blunt irregular projection (only on femur) What is a Sulcus? Elongated groove What is a Foramen? Hole/opening in bone for nerves & blood vessels What is a Canal or Meatus? Tube-like passageway through bone What is a Sinus (bone)? Cavity within bone What is a Fossa? Depression in bone What is a Fovea? Shallow pit-like depression (smaller than fossa) What is a Fissure? Narrow slit-like opening What is a Condyle? Knob-like rounded bump that articulates with another bone What is a Facet? Flattened smooth articular surface What is a Suture? Immovable joint where cranial bones fuse What is a Fontanel? Membrane-covered area in fetal skull What is the Head of a bone? Rounded end usually attached to a narrow neck Name major sutures on lateral skull Coronal, Lambdoid, Squamous, Occipitomastoid, Sagittal What bone has Mastoid process, Styloid process, Zygomatic process? Temporal bone What is the external acoustic meatus? Opening in temporal bone What bone forms the forehead? Frontal bone (supraorbital notch, glabella) What is the Sella turcica? Saddle-shaped depression in sphenoid for pituitary What structure is Crista galli on? Ethmoid bone Largest foramen at base of skull Foramen magnum What bone has Greater/Lesser wings and Pterygoid processes? Sphenoid bone Parts of the Mandible Body, Ramus, Angle, Coronoid process, Condylar process, Mental foramen What bone has Alveolar margin and Infraorbital foramen? Maxilla How many Cervical vertebrae? 7 (C1-C7) How many Thoracic vertebrae? 12 (T1-T12) How many Lumbar vertebrae? 5 (L1-L5) What is unique about Atlas (C1)? No body, has anterior/posterior arches What is the Dens on? Axis (C2) What is C7 called? Vertebra prominens Which vertebrae have costal facets? Thoracic vertebrae True ribs are Ribs 1-7 (attach directly to sternum) What is the Manubrium? Superior part of sternum What is the Glenoid cavity on? Scapula What are the tubercles on the humerus? Greater and Lesser tubercles What bone has the Olecranon process? Ulna Proximal row of carpal bones Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral, Pisiform What is the Acetabulum? Socket in hip bone for femur head What is the largest trochanter? Greater trochanter on femur What bone has the Medial malleolus? Tibia What is the heel bone? Calcaneus What tarsal bone articulates with tibia? Talus

What is the Body of a bone?

Main portion of a bone

What is an Angle (bone)?

A rounded corner

What is a Concha?

Thin, scroll-like structure

What is a Cornu?

Horn shaped (think of a cornucopia)

What is a Coronoid?

Crown shaped projection of bone

What does Costal refer to?

Pertaining to a rib

What is an Eminence?

Area projecting from another area

What is a Margin (bone)?

Edge of bone

What is the Neck of a long bone?

Constricted portion that separates head and shaft

What is a Notch?

Indented area

What is a Ramus?

Branch of bone

What is a Styloid process?

Slender, pointed process

What is a Crest?

Prominent narrow ridge (attachment)

What is a Line (bone marking)?

Narrow ridge, less prominent than a crest

What is an Epicondyle?

Bump on or near a condyle

What is a Spine (bone)?

Sharp, slender process of bone

What is a Tubercle?

Small rounded process often for tendon/ligament attachment

What is a Tuberosity?

Large oblong roughened process (larger than tubercle)

What is a Trochanter?

Very large blunt irregular projection (only on femur)

What is a Sulcus?

Elongated groove

What is a Foramen?

Hole/opening in bone for passage of nerves & blood vessels

What is a Canal or Meatus?

Tube-like passageway through bone

What is a Sinus (bone)?

Cavity within bone

What is a Fossa?

Depression in bone

What is a Fovea?

Shallow pit-like depression (smaller than fossa)

What is a Fissure?

Narrow slit-like opening for nerves & BV

What is a Condyle?

Knob-like rounded bump that articulates with another bone

What is a Facet?

Flattened smooth articular surface

What is a Fontanel?

Membrane-covered area in fetal cranial bones (becomes suture)

What is a Suture?

Immovable joint where 2 bones fuse (cranial)

What is a Symphysis?

2 parts that grew together (type of joint)

What is a Trochlea?

Pulley-shaped smooth rounded surface where bones meet

What is the Head of a bone?

Rounded end of bone usually attached to a narrow neck

Major sutures on lateral skull view

Coronal, Lambdoid, Squamous, Occipitomastoid, Sagittal

What bones are visible on lateral skull external view?

Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal, Sphenoid (greater wing), Ethmoid, Lacrimal, Nasal, Zygomatic, Maxilla, Mandible

What is the External Acoustic Meatus?

Opening in temporal bone for ear canal

What is the Mastoid Process on?

Temporal bone

What is the Styloid Process on?

Temporal bone

What is the Mandibular Angle?

Angle of mandible

What is the Mental Foramen on?

Mandible

What is Glabella?

Smooth area between supraorbital margins on frontal bone

What is the Supraorbital Notch/Foramen?

In frontal bone above orbit

What is the Frontal Sinus?

Air cavity in frontal bone

What is Crista Galli on?

Ethmoid bone (projects into cranial cavity)

What is the Sella Turcica?

Saddle-shaped depression in sphenoid bone

What is the Foramen Magnum?

Largest opening at base of skull (spinal cord passes through)

What are the Occipital Condyles?

On occipital bone, articulate with atlas

What is the Hypoglossal Canal for?

Passage of hypoglossal nerve (XII)

What are the Pterygoid Processes on?

Sphenoid bone

What are the parts of the Ethmoid bone?

Crista galli, Cribriform plate, Perpendicular plate, Superior & middle nasal conchae

What are the main parts of the Temporal bone?

Squamous, Petrous, Mastoid, Tympanic

What is the Mandibular Foramen?

On medial ramus of mandible

What is the Alveolar Margin?

On maxilla and mandible (tooth sockets)

What is the Zygomatic Arch formed by?

Zygomatic process of temporal + temporal process of zygomatic bone

What are the bones of the orbit?

Frontal, Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Maxilla, Zygomatic, Lacrimal, Palatine

What is the Hyoid bone?

U-shaped bone in neck, does not articulate with other bones

Major fontanelles in fetal skull

Anterior, Posterior, Sphenoidal (2), Mastoid (2)

How many vertebrae in each region?

Cervical 7, Thoracic 12, Lumbar 5, Sacrum 5 fused, Coccyx 4 fused

What is unique about Atlas (C1)?

No body or spinous process, has anterior & posterior arches + transverse foramina

What is the Dens (odontoid process) on?

Axis (C2)

What is special about C7?

Vertebra prominens (long non-bifid spinous process)

Typical thoracic vertebra features

Superior & inferior costal facets, transverse costal facets

Lumbar vertebrae features

Large body, thick spinous processes, no costal facets

What is the Sacral Promontory?

Anterior projection of S1

What are True Ribs?

Ribs 1-7 (attach directly to sternum via costal cartilage)

What are False Ribs?

Ribs 8-12

What are Floating Ribs?

Ribs 11-12

Parts of the Sternum

Manubrium, Body, Xiphoid process

What is the Jugular Notch on?

Manubrium of sternum

What are the borders of the Scapula?

Superior, Medial (vertebral), Lateral (axillary)

What is the Glenoid Cavity?

Shallow socket on scapula for humerus head

What is the Acromion on?

Scapula (articulates with clavicle)

What is the Coracoid Process on?

Scapula

What are the fossae on the posterior scapula?

Supraspinous & Infraspinous fossae

Parts of the Clavicle

Sternal (medial) end, Acromial (lateral) end

Proximal humerus features

Head, Anatomical neck, Surgical neck, Greater & Lesser tubercles, Intertubercular sulcus

Distal humerus features

Capitulum, Trochlea, Medial & Lateral epicondyles, Olecranon fossa

What is the Deltoid Tuberosity on?

Humerus shaft

What bone has the Olecranon Process?

Ulna

What is the Radial Tuberosity on?

Radius

Proximal row of carpals (lateral to medial)

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral, Pisiform

Distal row of carpals

Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate

What is the Acetabulum?

Deep socket formed by ilium, ischium, pubis for femur head

What is the Obturator Foramen?

Large opening in hip bone

What are the parts of the Coxal (Hip) bone?

Ilium, Ischium, Pubis

What is the Iliac Crest?

Superior border of ilium

What is the Ischial Tuberosity?

"sit bone"

Proximal femur features

Head (with fovea capitis), Neck, Greater & Lesser trochanters, Intertrochanteric line & crest

Distal femur features

Medial & Lateral condyles, Patellar surface, Intercondylar fossa

What is the Linea Aspera on?

Posterior femur shaft

What bone has the Tibial Tuberosity?

Tibia (for patellar ligament)

What is the Medial Malleolus on?

Tibia

What is the Lateral Malleolus on?

Fibula

What is the Calcaneus?

Heel bone

What is the Talus?

Bone that articulates with tibia & fibula (ankle)

What is the Sustentaculum Tali on?

Calcaneus (supports talus)

Tarsal bones

Talus, Calcaneus, Navicular, Cuboid, 3 Cuneiforms