What form is the physical structure of metal?

Crystalline.

The process of improving a metal’s characteristics by altering its grain structure is known as

heat-treating.

Maximum toughness obtains proper balance in all of these properties except

strength.

Which of the following properly illustrates the relationship between mechanical properties in metal?

As hardness decreases, brittleness decreases.

Within the Aluminum Association 1xxx number group, what does the first digit indicate?

Metal containing at least 99 percent pure aluminum.

What three methods are used to produce tempered aluminum?

Cold working, heat-treating, and a combination of both.

The term nondestructive inspection (NDI) indication refers to

evidence of a response resulting from a process.

In metallurgy, which of the following is not a discontinuity?

Weld.

Which discontinuity is created by the melting and original solidification of a metal into an ingot?

Inherent.

Which of the following is not a defect of the wrought process?

Inclusions.

What is another name for slag?

Inclusion.

Which defects are usually easier to detect because they nearly always appear on the surface of the finished part?

Secondary processing.

The reason fatigue failure is progressive is that when a crack begins,

its ability to advance is increased by stress concentration, although the rate of stress can vary.

Fatigue cracks usually run

perpendicular to the direction of applied stress.

Stress corrosion is caused by

tensile stress and corrosion.

The potential for discontinuities is increased by the

welding process used to attach two pieces of metals together.

The two basic processes used to weld parts together are

adhesion and fusion.

An experimentation and demonstration process designed by engineers to gather results from actual inspections is referred to as a probability of detection (POD)

study.

The probability of detection (POD) curve may not be used for which basis?

Personnel performance evaluation/qualification.

The purpose of pre-cleaning parts is to remove

light soils and contaminants.

Light oil contamination on a part being inspected can cause

contamination of penetrant or magnetic inspection solutions.

One characteristic of a detergent cleaner is that it must be

noncorrosive.

Paint removers can be a

solvent, bond release agent, softening agent, or a combination.

Which of the following is not a result of mechanical cleaning methods?

Etching of critical surfaces.

Which of the following identifies nondestructive inspection (NDI) requirements from least to most cleanliness required?

Eddy current, ultrasonic, magnetic particle, liquid penetrant.

Nondestructive inspection (NDI) techniques are defined as specific instructions for evaluating

quality, integrity, properties, and dimensions.

Which of the following is not a reason for a backup nondestructive inspection (NDI) method in a technical order?

Replace primary methods.

When considering non-standard equipment for your new inspection technique, what must you ensure?

It is listed on the AS455.

Which form do you use to submit your new nondestructive inspection (NDI) technique for review and publication?

AFTO Form 242.

Which nondestructive inspection (NDI) techniques are approved by the laboratory supervisor?

Support equipment inspections.

Who adds, revises, or supplements your submitted technique in order to produce a workable procedure?

Air Logistics Center (ALC) NDI program managers.

What is the distance a magnifier can be moved toward or away from the specimen and retain a good image called?

Depth of field.

What type of indication has sharp and jagged lines that follow the grain boundaries?

Crack.

What ratings are engraved on auxiliary lenses, eyepieces, and calibrated zoom control knobs?

Initial magnification.

Which does not determine the type of borescope you will need for your lab?

Aerospace ground equipment (AGE) equipment.

Which type of borescopes are the most commonly used in the Air Force?

Rigid borescopes.

What do you use to clean optical lenses that have a protective coating?

Water.

When the stereo-microscope is not in use, its eyepieces should always be kept installed

on the power body.

What are desirable qualities within a penetrant?

High surface tension and good wetting ability.

What generates forces to draw a penetrant into cracks?

Capillary action.

What chemical property is required to dissolve and hold the dyes in a solution?

Solvent ability.

What sensitivity level of penetrant is ultra-high?

Level 4.

Type I penetrant process employs

fluorescent materials.

What is a method C penetrant inspection?

Solvent removable.

The system concept applies to what materials of a penetrant system?

Penetrants and emulsifiers.

What is the maximum dwell time of an aqueous developer?

60 minutes.

In the hydrophilic process, what is the concentration range of hydrophilic remover in water?

5 to 35 percent.

What type of developer consists of inert particles in water?

Water-suspended.

What should you wear in case you mistakenly press the penetrant spray nozzle with the opening pointing back at you?

Chemical goggles.

Aerosol cans can burst when heated to temperatures above

120 °F.

The difference between the small, medium, and large fluorescent penetrant inspection units is the

size of the parts they can accommodate.

What is the ideal output in nanometers (nm) of a black light bulb for penetrant inspections?

365 nm.

What should you never do while utilizing Method C?

Spray or pour solvent directly on a part surface before inspection.

Nonaqueous solvent-based developers are always applied by

spraying.

For the spray technique, what is the concentration range of remover to water volume?

1 to 5 percent.

Which of the following is considered a defect?

A detrimental relevant indication.

What indications are caused by discontinuities such as cracks, seams, or laps?

Continuous linear indications.

Which of these contaminants are not frequent contaminates of penetrant line materials?

Developer.

Since fluorescent penetrants are sensitive to elevated temperatures, fluorescence may be destroyed by being exposed to temperatures above

250 °F.

What is the interval for performing a system performance test?

Weekly.

Method C system performance tests are completed when penetrant materials are stored in an environment that exceeds

120 °F.

When cleaning test panels for the second time while using the Method D system performance test, how long do you let them sit in an ultrasonic cleaner?

10 minutes.

What type of contamination does a hydrophilic remover refractometer test for?

Penetrant.

What is used for testing the performance of hydrophilic remover?

Annealed type 301 or 302 stainless steel panels.

As parts are processed, developer adheres to the part surface; unless concentrate is added, the developer loss adds up. What is the term for this loss over time?

Drag-out.

Over a 3-inch diameter circle with a minimum distance of 15 inches from the filter lens, the desired intensity in micro-watts per square centimeter (μW/cm²) of a black light check should be at least

1000 μW/cm².

What is the unit of measure for electromotive force?

Volt.

What is the term for the rate at which electrons pass a given point in a conductor?

Current.

A metal that is easily magnetized has

high permeability.

What are lines of force in a leakage field called?

Magnetic flux lines.

The best results obtained from flux lines are located in which direction to discontinuities?

Perpendicular.

With an increase of magnetic flux lines flowing through a piece of iron, magnetic particles concentrate at

leakage fields.

When domains that are randomly oriented result in an overall flux density of zero, a part

has been completely demagnetized.

Which type of magnetization detects longitudinal discontinuities?

Circular field.

What is a conductive material that is placed in the center of a part under inspection called?

Central conductor bar.

What is the recommended current value in amperes (amps) on stationary equipment when inducing alternating current (AC) current?

100 to 10,000 amps.

Which magnetic particle equipment requires the operator to depress a foot switch?

Stationary.

What portable equipment devices are limited to the detection of surface and near surface discontinuities only?

Probes and yokes.

When demagnetizing, how far do you lift a model type DA–200 away from a large part before turning the probe off?

2 feet.

What type of measuring device is a quantitative assessment of a magnetic field and may be useful in covering a curved area of a part, such as a radius?

Quantitative Quality Indicator (QQI).

How often should accumulated moisture from a stationary inspection unit’s air filter be removed?

Weekly.

To improve flexibility of pole pieces on portable equipment, what should you NOT use?

Oil.

What is the liquid transporting magnetic particles called?

Vehicle.

What is primarily used for inspecting welds and castings where defects are found below the surface?

Dry particles.

When applying particles, which method do you turn off the particle flow just before the final application of current?

Wet continuous.

When inspecting with magnetic particle, parts may need to be stripped if the thickness exceeds

0.003 inch.

All of these determine the choice of technique for a particular magnetic particle inspection except the

part’s surface condition.

The depth at which a discontinuity can be longitudinally detected depends upon the size and shape of the discontinuity relative to all of these except for the

surface conditions affecting indications.

In order to produce the same flux density in a part, the

smaller the length to the diameter ratio (L/D), the greater the coil current amperage must be.

Which type of magnetic field is easily detected with a field indicator?

Longitudinal field.

When using longitudinal magnetization technique, use additional parts if necessary, in order to establish a part length of a ratio diameter of at least

2.

Discontinuities are best detected when they are

perpendicular to the magnetic field.

What may occur as the result of an accident or a part becoming overloaded?

Overstressing.

What is it called when two parts touch creating magnetic poles at the points of contact?

Magnetic writing.

What is the term to describe demagnetizing of a part using stationary equipment, with the motor used to drive the demagnetization switch contactor going from maximum to minimum current positions?

Step-down procedure.

When demagnetizing using a portable yoke, what is the next step after passing the part through the yoke legs while energized?

Turn the test part 90° and repeat the procedure.

What is a common contaminant of petroleum-based baths?

Water.

When do aerosol cans need the system effectiveness check completed?

Prior to initial use, and before daily use if they are older than two years from manufactured date.

How long do you agitate the suspension and let it run through the hose before performing the particle concentration test?

1 minute.

Which process control is performed on portable electromagnetic yoke equipment?

Dead weight check.