Consciousness
Created by Jessica Brown
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
consciousness | the subject awareness of mental events |
What are the main functions of consciousness | 1. Regulating thoughts and behaviours
2. Monitoring self and the environment |
circadian rhythm | the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle |
Sleeps main Functions | Memory Consolidation - transforming STM into LTM
Energy conservation - Conserving energy
Restoring bodily functions - immune system, brain, etc. |
What SLEEP STATES are there | Non-REM
REM |
Non-REM Sleep | - No rapid eye movement
- 75-80% of sleep
- helps recover daily fatigue
Occurs in stages 1, 2, 3, 4 |
REM Sleep | - associated with dreaming
- light sleep
- 20-25% sleep
body is very still |
Altered consciousness | usual ways of thinking, feeling, and percieving are modified or disrupted |
What are some altered states of consciousness | Sleep
meditation
hypnosis
religious experiences
drug ingestion |
What are the categories of different drugs | Depressants
Stimulants
Hallucinogens
Opiates |
What can lack of sleep cause | hallucinations
early death by interference of immune system |
What do Depressants do | Slow down mental and physical activity by inhibiting
neural transmission in CNS |
What do Stimulants do | Can cause long term changes in neurotransmitter
systems
alter mood
enhance arousal and state of awareness
paranoid delusions |
What do hallucinogens do | Alter our perception of the external
environment and inner awareness
LSD binds to serotonin |
What do opiates do | Suppress physical sensation & response to stimulation |
examples of stimulants | coffee
nicotine
cocaine
anphetamines
methamphetamines |
examples of hallucinogens | LSD
PCP
Ecstacy |
examples of opiates | Morphine
Heroin |
examples of depressants | GHB
alcohol |
why do we dream? | To fufill our wishes - freud theorised that dreams show our unconscious desires and inner thoughts
to remember
to forget - during dreaming,
keep our brains working
to rehearse
to heal - to take the edge off of pyschologically difficulty things and events
solve problems - the committee of sleep!
|
How does little to no sleep affect you? | hormonal imbalance
death
illness
hallucinations
high blood pressure.
|
Gylphatic system | flushes toxic build up
works when asleep
|
Sleep research | EEG - brain electrical activity
EMG - muscle activity
EOG - eye movements |
Explain the stages of sleep | Awake: Alpha waves
Stage 1: Theta waves 3-7 CPS (cycles per second)
Stage 2: characterised by sleep spindles - low amplitude bursts of activity 12-14CPS
Stage 3: Delta waves - large and slow
Stage 4: Delta waves - predominate
REM sleep: EEG similar to when awake |
Sleep cycles | take 90-100 minutes
Non-rem 80-90 mins
rem- 10 mins |
Pyschodynamic view of dreaming | dreams represents a window into unconscious where meaning can be inferred from the dream |
Cognitive view of dreaming | dreams are constructed from the daily issues of the dreamer |
Biological view of dreaming | dreams represent the attempt of the cortex to interpret the random neural firing of the brain during sleep or the consolidation of newly learnt material. |
Sleep disorders | Insomnia: chronic inability to sleep
subjective insomnia: you think you have insomnia...you dont.
Narcolepsy: irresistable compulsion to sleep during daytime
Sleep apnea: upper repiratory disorder - stop breathing while asleep
Sleepwalking: wandering - associated in the first 3rd of the night |
Nightmares | more frequent in kids and occurs in rem sleep |
Night terrors | non-rem sleep
2-3 hours into sleeping during stage 4 |