Which protist is green, unicellular, mainly autotrophs, and have chloroplast?

Euglenoids

Which protist produces the most oxygen, is a carbon sink, and in the make up of most phytoplankton?

Diatoms

Which protist is the second most make up of phytoplankton, glows in the dark, and causes the Red Tide?

Dinoflagellates

Which protist lives in the deep ocean and used in products like ice cream and hair conditioner?

Red Algae

Which protist is found in algae blooms, closest related to green plants, and lives in colonies?

Green Algae

Which protist is most commonly referred to as seaweed or kelp, has air sacs, creates important microclimates and create large amounts of oxygen?

Brown Algae

What type of mold lives in warm, wet places?

Water and Downy Molds

What mold prefers cold and shady places?

Slime Mold

What caused the Irish Potato Famine?

Water and Downy Molds

Why are molds important?

For breaking down dead-matter and providing nutrients

Why makes fungi closely related to animals?

They are heterotrophs, produce, melanin, and have a similar cell wall make up

What were the first Fungi?

Prototaxites

What are characteristics of prototaxites?

They were the earliest fungi, grew very tall and wide, and were spread out

What is the mycelium?

The underground body of fungi

What is a mushroom?

The fruiting body of fungi that sprout above ground

Why do fungi have fruitng bodies?

To attract animals to disturb them and spread their spores

Which hyphae does not have barriers?

Coenocytic Hyphae

Which hyphae has barriers between cells?

Septatc Hyphae

Why are hyphae spread out?

To create high area to volume ratios

-mycota is...

Fungi Phylum

-mycetes is...

Fungi Class

How do fungi reproduce?

Budding, fragmentation, and spores

What is sclerotium?

hardened mass of mycelium that serves as an overwintering stage

How is sclerotium formed?

excess hyphae take in extra water then dehydrate to form a "scab"

Which fungi phyla is aquatic, unicellular, is the only one with flagella and primitive?

Chytridiomycota

What are benefits of Chytridiomycota?

It is important in the carbon cycle and helps control mosquitos

What are negatives to Chytridomycota?

It is detrimental to amphibians and parasitic to phytoplankton, humans, and animals

What fungi phyla grows rapidly, most diverse, and found in soil?

Zygomycota

What are the benefits of Zygomycota?

It is important in the carbon cycle, has a mutualistic relationship with plants, and insect control

What are negatives to Zygomycota?

it has pathogens to plants, animals, and amoeba, and targets fruits and breads

What fungi phyla produces their spores in sac-like structures, is single cellular(yeast), and found in most lichens?

Ascomycota

What are benefits of Ascomycota?

It is yeast, has a symbiotic relationship with plants, and insect control

What are negatives of Ascomycota?

It molds blue, green, and brown, Dutch Elms Disease, powdery mildew, parasitic, and causes fungal pneumonia

What fungi phyla is highly evolved, has long-lived dikaryotic mycleia, and is known as puffballs?

Basidiomycota

What are benefits of Basidiomycota?

It has pharmalogical uses, has edible varieties, and has a symbiotic relationship with conifers and hardwood

What are negatives of Basidiomycota?

It has plant and tree diseases(fairy ring) and leads to wood decay

Which fungi phyla is the newest, has an important role in horticulture, and causes mycorrhizae?

Glomeromycota

What are Lichens?

A symbiotic relationship between algae and fungi

What is mycorrhizae?

A mutualistic relationship between fungi and plants when the fungi grows on or around the roots and helps the plants intake water and nutrients

What is Ectomycorrhizae?

When fungi grows on the exterior of the plants root

What is Endomycorrizhae?

When fungi penetrates the plant roots

What was the first plant?

Similar to green algae because of photosynthesis a and b

What are Apical Meristems?

The growing points on a plant

Characteristics of Apical Meristems

It does not have storage, grows rapidly, recovers quickly, and cell walls are thinner

What are dependent embryos?

Embryos that stay in the parent plant until ready

What is alteration of genreation?

When both haploid and diploid cells are in the parent plant at the same time

What is the purpose of walled spores?

It allows it to hold moisture and nutrients, as well as protects it

Where would plants typically have a cuticle?

It would be in any extreme climate

What is antheridium?

It is a club-shaped, motile, sperm

What is archegonium?

It is a non-motile plant egg

What does it mean to be thallus?

No vascular tissue

What are rhizomes?

They function as shallow roots to anchor the plant

Why are bryophites important?

They were the first land plants and are the first plants in a raw environment