NCMHCE Note Cards

Created by Selma Suvic

ROSE (Relational, Occupational, Social, Educational)
Evaluates a client's functioning across key areas (interpersonal relationships, work, social connections, and educational pursuits) of their life.

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TermDefinition
ROSE (Relational, Occupational, Social, Educational)
Evaluates a client's functioning across key areas (interpersonal relationships, work, social connections, and educational pursuits) of their life.
Reality Therapy
Individuals have control over their actions and taking responsibility for those actions is essential for achieving meaningful change. - Focus: Personal responsibility and client's power of control.
Critical Component of Treatment Plan...
Directly addresses present actions and consequences. It affects the client's current situation and ability to cope.
Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI)
Understsanding the client's culture and background in order to effectively provide the most helpful services. How does their cultural identity, values, and social context affect their mental health issues?
Exploring Exceptions to Problematic Behavior...
Highlighting client's strengths reinforces the idea that the client has capacity for change.
Establishing a Strong Therapeutic Alliance with a Client Mistrusting of Therapy and Stigma Around Counseling...
Adopt a client-centered approach and use motivational interviewing techniques.
Effective Impulse Control Intervention
Addresses both cognitive triggers and behavioral responses through skill development and practice opportunities.
Solution-Focused Measurement
Emphasizes client-defined progress toward preferred outcomes rather than problem-focused assessments, using scaling and other client-centered measures to demonstrate movement toward goals and desired futures rather than deficit reduction.
Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS)
Self-report questionnaire designed to measure relationship satisfaction in intimate couples.
Trauma Assessment
Requires evaluation of multiple symptom domains and functional impact.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Predominant Feature: Intrusive re-experiencing of the traumatic event itself. Centers on: Trauma Distress.
Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD)
Predominant Feature: Persistent yearning/longing for the deceased. Centers on: Separation Distress
Person-Centered Therapy
Creates foundation needed for later trauma work. Focuses on the client, not presenting problem.
Window of Tolerance
The zone where a client can process emotions without becoming overwhelmed (Hyperarousal) or shut down (Hypoarousal).
Trauma-Informed Approach
Prioritizes creating a safe and supportive environment.
Brief Psychotic Disorder
It is fundamentally a time-limited condition. Once a acute episode resolves and the client returns to premorbid functioning, they no longer meet the diagnostic criteria.
In a Solution-Focused Approach...
Therapists emphasizes clients' strengths and progress to foster positive change.
Differential Diagnosis for Adjustment Disorder...
Acute Stress Disorder
To Diagnose Generalized Anxiety Disorder...
Symptoms must be present for more days than not for at least six months.
Session Rating Scale (SRS)
Provides a valid and reliable measure of the therapeutic alliance. Completed at the end of each session by the client.
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequency, and extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation that begins in early adulthood and occurs in various contexts.
Object Relations Theory
Psychodynamic Framework. Examines how early relationships shape one's ability to connect with others.
Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD)
Requires depressive symptoms to be present for at least 2 years with no more than two months of symptom remission.
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Can be diagnosed after two weeks of symptoms.
Key Diagnostic Criterion that Distinguishes MDD from PDD?
Duration
When Evaluating Suicide Risk...
Protective factors carry more clinical weight than risk factors in determining acute risk level.
Gestalt Therapy
Fundamental Principle: Increasing awareness through present-moment experience. Increases self-awareness and contact with current experience. IMMEDIATE AWARENESS.
When Answering Clincial Judgement Questions...
Always prioritize the therapeutic process over rigid factual accuracy.
Sublimation
Process of taking an unacceptable impulse and converting it into a socially acceptable form of expression.
When Answering Questions on De-escalation Techniques...
Focus on interventions that maintain therapeutic momentum while reducing emotional intensity.
Empathic Attunement
Helps clients feel understood, reduce defensiveness, and fosters self-reflection. Therapist understands and resonates with a client's emotions, thoughts, and experiences.
When Determining the Appropriate Level of Care...
Choose the least intensive intervention that can effectively address the client's needs unless there is a clear and urgent reason for higher levels of care.
When Choosing what to Assess, Prioritize...
Presenting symptoms, known risk factors, and relevance to treatment.
When Evaluating Self-Harm Risk Factors...
Prioritize immediate, internal predictors like hopelessness, strongest indicator of acute risk.
Michigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST)
Comprehensive assessment of the client's alcohol use, its severity, and its impact on their life.
Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET)
Helps clients form their own goals and reasons for change. Client-centered and non-confrontational.
Relapse Prevention Plans
Focus on specific, actionable, and client-centered strategies that address the client's unique triggers and circumstances.
Exposure and Responsive Prevention (ERP)
Used to treat OCD and anxiety disorders. Gradually exposes clients to feared stimuli while preventing compulsive responses.
Socratic Dialogue
Open-ended, thought provoking questions to encourage self-reflection, critical thinking, and deeper understanding.
Logotherapy
Focuses on helping individuals find meaning in their lives. Values awareness exercises.
Values Awareness Exercises
Helps clients identify, prioritize, and live life according to their own beliefs and values.
Short-Term Goal
Sets a specific timeframe, has measurable outcomes, focuses on building awareness, and directly addresses presenting problems.
Key Differentiator Between Bulimia Nervosa and Anorexia Nervosa, Binge-Eating/Purging Type is...
Body Weight
Anorexia Nervosa
Requires significantly low weight
Bulimia Nervosa
Maintain a normal or above normal weight range
REBT
Focused on philosophical change and challenging irrational beliefs.
Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptoms Measure
Screening tool designed to gauge a range of potential mental health symptoms across multiple diagnostic domains
Displacement
Redirects desire for something and support onto something else instead of seeking it from more accessible sources
Aaron Beck's Cognitive Theory
Clarifying main problems. Uses socratic dialogue to ask clients probing questions to clarify their presenting problems
Key Symptom of Histrionic Personality Disorder
Exhibiting excessive attention-seeking behavior
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)
Measures psychotic and nonpsychotic symptoms
Solution-Focused Therapy
Emphasizes future possibilities over present or past experiences. Temporal markers (e.g., 6 months from now)
Push-Button Alderian Technique
Helps client see they are responsible for how they feel, both good and bad feelings
Correlation
Measure of the relationship between two variables
Minimum Length of time that Symtpoms Must be Present to Meet Diagnostic Criteria for MDD?
Two weeks
World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0)
Measures functioning across multiple domains such as cognition, mobility, self-care, and social participation. Assesses impact of health condition on daily life
When is "With Delayed Expression" Appropriate to Specify with a Diagnosis of PTSD?
When diagnostic criteria are not met until at least 6 months after the traumatic event
Systematic Desensitization
Client is gradually exposed to the feared situation and understands that the feared outcome does not materialize
Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (ACQ)
Measurement that screens for faulty cognitions about potential consequences of panic and anxiety. 2 subscales: Loss of Control and Physical Concerns
Gestalt Approach: "Take the Part of"
Having the client become each element of a dream
Cognitive Processing Therapy
Focuses on helping the client learn how to identify and modify automatic thoughts that may be contributing to the client's symptoms
Paradox Technique: Reality Therapy
Clients are prompted to think differently and confront their own resistance. Helps highlight current behaviors that are not serving them
Confrontation Technique: Reality Therapy
Clients are encouraged to recognize their own role in their issues and to take responsibility for making changes. Highlights how their current behaviors are not serving them
Variable Ratio Intermittent Reinforcement
Effective schedule to reinforce a behavior. Results in high, steady rates of responding
Reflection
Accomplishes validation the client needs when it comes to their feelings
Congruence
Focuses on creating a genuine connection between the counselor and client
Four Horseman of the Apocolypse
Criticism, Defensiveness, Contempt, Stonewalling
In Partial Remission (ADHD)
Full criteria for the disorder has not been met for 6 months but functional impairement still exists.
Auditory Continuous Performance Test
Determines ADD/ADHD by assessing auditory attention deficit
Separation Anxiety Disorder...
Often precipitated by a significant life change such as moving, death of a loved one, divorce, and becoming a parent
Children's Depression Inventory-2 (CDI-2)
Ages 7-17, Determines severity of depressive symptoms and helps develop a treatment plan
-0.98
Strongest. Indicates a negative relationship between the effectiveness of the treatment and the communication skill techniques you are using
Regression
Defense mechanism in which an individual reverts to behavior from an earlier stage of development in order to cope with stressful situations
Coping Question
Underscores the client's personal resources that they are not acknowledging. Helps clients recognize coping skills they already use in situations
Differential Diagnosis for Opioid Intoxication
Alcohol Intoxication
Alcohol Intoxication
Involves the presence of clinically significant, problematic behavioral or psychological changes that develop during or shortly after alcohol use
Multidimensional Anxiety Questionnaire (MAQ)
Used to assess symptoms of anxiety
Preparation Stage in Model of Behavior Change
The client has committed to making changes. They are trying to find resources that may help assist them in an attempt to change detrimental behavior
Final Stage in Group Therapy
Members review what they have learned and practice how to apply what they have learned in everyday life
Before Agreeing or Declining Bartering Arrangements...
Review agency's policies regarding payment options
Preferences Section of CFI
Addresses the help the client needs by asking the client what kinds of help would be most useful to them at this time or their problem
Internal State Scale (ISS)
Self-report instrument used to differentiate between mood states in clients who have been diagnosed with bipolar disorder
Rationalization
Putting something into a different light or offering a different explanation for one's perceptions/behaviors in the face of changing reality
Psychodynamic Therapy
Understanding how unconscious processes, such as transference and projection, can contribute to psychological distress
How to Differentiate Between Acute Stress Disorder and PTSD?
The time of onset and the duration
Duration Criteria Required to Diagnose Adjustment Disorder
Symptoms occur within 3 months of the onset of a stressor; once the stressor/consequence of the stressor are removed, symptoms do not persist beyond 6 months.
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Produces valid confirmation for Avoidant Personality Disorder
Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5-TR (CAPS-5)
Semi-structured interview for assessing PTSD and how symptoms are currently impacting a client's life.
Holland's Theory: Investigative Personality Type
Someone who prefers systematic yet creative tasks and activities where they can use their intelligence to solve problems
To Assess Mental Health Functioning in an Adult...
Look for choices that would reveal how well the patient performs roles related to work, family, and social situations
Hallmark Symtpoms of Depression
Sleep Disturbance