What is Adapted Physical Education (APE)?

Physical education modified to meet the needs of students with disabilities so they can participate safely, successfully, and with satisfaction.

What is Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act?

A federal civil rights law prohibiting discrimination against individuals with disabilities in programs receiving federal funding.

What is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)?

A federal law ensuring students with disabilities receive special education services and a free appropriate public education.

What is Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)?

The right of students with disabilities to receive an appropriate education at public expense.

What is the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)?

A requirement that students with disabilities be educated with nondisabled peers as much as possible.

What are Direct Services in special education?

Instructional services provided directly to meet the educational goals of students with disabilities.

What are Related Services in special education?

Support services needed to help a student benefit from special education (e.g., speech therapy, PT, counseling).

What is the definition of Physical Education under IDEA?

The development of physical and motor fitness, fundamental motor skills, and skills in sports, games, dance, and aquatics.

What is the difference between Adapted and Adaptive physical education?

Adapted PE modifies activities for the student; adaptive refers to equipment or strategies used to help the student participate.

What is an Individualized Education Program (IEP)?

A written education plan developed for a student with a disability outlining goals, services, and accommodations.

What is the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)?

A civil rights law prohibiting discrimination against individuals with disabilities in public and private sectors.

What replaced No Child Left Behind?

The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA).

What is the Olympic and Amateur Sports Act?

A law encouraging and supporting athletic participation, including opportunities for athletes with disabilities.

What was the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) of 1975?

A landmark law guaranteeing children with disabilities the right to a free appropriate public education.

What did the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) evolve from?

The Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) of 1975.

What are the 13 disability categories under IDEA?

Specific learning disability; speech or language impairment; intellectual disability; emotional disturbance; multiple disabilities; hearing impairment; orthopedic impairment; other health impairment; visual impairment; autism; deaf-blindness; traumatic brain injury; developmental delay.

What are key components of IDEA?

Federal funding, FAPE, nondiscriminatory evaluation, individualized education programs, least restrictive environment, due process protections, and accountability.

Is physical education required under IDEA?

Yes, PE is specifically identified as a required component of special education and FAPE.

What does physical education include under IDEA?

Physical and motor fitness, fundamental motor skills, and skills in aquatics, dance, individual games, and team sports.

What is Special Education?

Specially designed instruction provided at no cost to parents to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability.

What is the difference between a required service and a related service?

A required service is part of the instructional program; a related service supports the student’s ability to benefit from education.

Give examples of related services.

Transportation, speech-language therapy, psychological services, PT/OT, counseling, recreation, medical evaluation, school health services, and social work.

What is Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)?

An appropriate education provided at public expense for students with disabilities.

What is nondiscriminatory evaluation?

A comprehensive assessment conducted by a multidisciplinary team using fair procedures to avoid mislabeling students.

What must be evaluated during disability assessment?

Health, vision, hearing, behavior, IQ, motor abilities, academic abilities, and language abilities.

Who administers disability evaluations?

Trained personnel such as school psychologists.

What language must evaluations be conducted in?

The student’s native language or primary communication mode.

What is the purpose of an Individualized Education Program (IEP)?

To create a personalized educational plan addressing the student’s unique needs.

Who may be members of an IEP team?

General education teacher, special education teacher, parent, special education supervisor, student, and related service providers.

What is the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)?

The requirement that students with disabilities be educated with nondisabled peers whenever possible.

What does the continuum of placements represent?

A range of educational settings from least restrictive to most restrictive.

What are examples of placement on the continuum?

Regular class placement, resource room support, part-time special class, full-time special class, separate school, hospital or treatment center.

What rights do parents have under due process?

Notice of meetings, participation in decisions, access to records, independent evaluations, legal counsel, hearings, and appeals.

What is Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973?

A law preventing disability discrimination in programs receiving federal funding.

How does Section 504 define disability?

A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits major life activities, a record of such impairment, or being regarded as having an impairment.

Do students under Section 504 have IEPs?

No; they receive accommodation plans instead.

What must schools provide under Section 504?

Equal opportunity for students with disabilities to participate in academic and extracurricular programs.

What is an example of reasonable accommodation in athletics?

Using a laser starter for deaf athletes or modifying rules for athletes with disabilities.

What does the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) do?

Extends disability protection to the private sector and public spaces.

What areas are covered under ADA?

Employment, government services, public accommodations, telecommunications, and transportation.

What did No Child Left Behind aim to do?

Increase academic achievement and reduce the achievement gap.

What are the four principles of No Child Left Behind?

Accountability, local flexibility, expanded parental options, and evidence-based teaching methods.

What subjects are considered core academic subjects under NCLB?

English, reading/language arts, math, science, foreign languages, civics, economics, arts, history, and geography.

What is the Olympic and Amateur Sports Act?

A law supporting amateur athletics and expanding opportunities for athletes with disabilities.

What organization did the Olympic and Amateur Sports Act help establish?

The United States Olympic Committee (USOC).