The acronym ALARA stands for what?
As low as reasonably achievable.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The acronym ALARA stands for what? | As low as reasonably achievable. |
| There are two types of cellular damage to the body what are they called? | Genetic damage, and somatic cell damage. |
| Genetic damage occurs where? | It occurs to the DNA (genes) of reproductive cells. |
| Somatic cell damage occurs where? | It occurs in all other cells. |
| Exposure and damage to tissues can occur from what? | Primary beam, secondary/ scatter radiation, X-ray tube. |
| What are the three tenets of radiation safety? | Time, Distance, Shielding. |
| What are the two types of anodes? | Stationary and rotating anode |
| What are grids? | They are a series of thin linear strips of alternating radio dense, and radiolucent materials encased in a protective cover place between patient and the image detector. |
| what is the grid ratio? | It's the relationship of the height of the lead strips to the distance between them. |
| What are the different types of linear grids? | Parallel, and focused. |
| What is the order of tissue density from low to high? | Fat, water, muscle, tendons, ligaments, bone. |
| What does the Kilovoltage represent? | The power of the x-ray beam to penetrate tissue with the lower KV penetrating less than high KV. |
| What does mAs represent? | It represents the blackening of the image or the density. |
| What are the basic steps to manual film processing? | Developing, rinsing/ stop bath, fixing, washing and drying. |
| what is the function of the developer? | reduce or convert the exposed silver halide crystals of the film emulsion to black metallic silver. |
| whats the purpose of the rinse bath? | This stops the developing process. |
| Whats the purpose of the fixer? | to remove and clear away the unexposed, underdeveloped silver halide crystals and hardens the film making it permanent. |
| what is the purpose of a wash bath? | it removes processing chemicals from the film preventing discoloration and fading over time. |
| To properly identify a film it must include what? | Patient name, owner identification, date of exam, and name of hospital. |
| An image with good diagnostic quality will have what parameters? | optimal density, correct scale of contrast, excellent detail with minimal magnification and distortion. |
| Positive contrast is also known as this? | radiopaque |
| Negative contrast is also known as this? | radiolucent |
| What is ultrasonography? | Its a noninvasive procedure based on changes in sound waves of frequency that cannot be heard but responds to change in tissue composition. |
| What is echofenicity? | It describes the gray scale seen on the monitor. |
| what is the term for when a structure is lighter than the surrounding tissues or organ? | hyperechoic |
| what is the term for when the image is darker than the surrounding tissue? | hypoechoic. |
| What is the term for when the image is black? | anechoic |
| what is the term for when the image is the same echogenicity as compared to another organ? | Isoechoic |
| what causes attenuation? | absorption, reflection, scattering, refraction and diffraction. |