Radiograph (image/film)
record of X-Rays (the final image)
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Radiograph (image/film) | record of X-Rays (the final image) |
| Latent Image | the invisible image formed in the receptor after x-rays have been captured |
| Image Plate (IP) | stores the latent image until laser beam in a reader release stored energy |
| Digital Detector | direct & indirect flat plate detector (IR) receives x-ray energy and transforms it into an electrical signal |
| Image Receptor (IR) | a device which transforms incident x-ray photons into a visible image |
| X-Ray Tube | the device that produces x-rays |
| Control Panel | equipment used to select exposure factors for x-rays |
| Part | the anatomy of interest placed between the tube and the receptor |
| Positioning | placing the patient and the anatomical part in position for demonstration of the anatomy of interest (how a person must be positioned in order to take the x-ray) |
| Central Ray | the imaginary middle ray of the beam as it comes from the tube |
| Filters | anything placed between the source of x-rays and the film; usually aluminum placed above the collimator for patient protection |
| Collimator | a device to restrict beam size to the area of interest |
| X-Ray Beam, X-Rays | the x-rays that come from the tube after the high speed electrons have struck the anode of the tube |
| Grid | a device placed between a thick body part and the receptor to absorb scatter & improve image quality |
| Bucky | movable grid under the tabletop that may or may not be present in the wall receptor |
| Gonadal Shield | lead placed to protect a patient's gonads |
| Source to Image Distance (SID) | the distance of the x-ray tube from the receptor (72 inches for chest, 40 inches for everything else) |
| Calipers | device by which body (part) thickness can be determined |
| Technique Chart | posted guidelines for selection of exposure factors |
| Operator Protected Area | the area in which control panel is located and in which the operator should remain during exposure |
| Personnel Monitor | a device worn at the collar to measure occupational exposure to radiation |
| Lead Apron | an apron which is worn by anyone who must remain in the x-ray room during the exposure |
| Visible Image | permanent radiographic image after processing transforms the latent image |
| Reader (CR) | location where the image is scanned into a digital format |
| Workstation Monitor | location where an image is evaluated, and possibly manipulated, but not advisable |
| PACS | Picture, archiving and communication system |
| Libel | the WRITTEN information that maliciously leads to defamation of character |
| Slander | the VERBAL spread of malicious information resulting in defamation |
| Greenstick Fracture | An incomplete fracture of a bone, common in children due to bones that are not calcified |
| Spiral Fracture | Twisting injury common in the lower leg, often seen among skiers. Also found in the humerus from an up and twist motion |
| Transverse Fracture | a clean fracture of a bone straight across the transverse plain |
| Colles' Fracture | Common fracture of the distal radius (wrist), with posterior and medial displacement |
| Radial Head Fracture | Commonly caused from falling with arms outstretched. This fracture may cause effusion (fluid collection) in the joint space and will therefore displace the fat pad |
| Boxer's Fracture | Common fracture seen in the 5th metacarpal (pinky finger). usually caused when a person strikes a solid object with a closed fist |
| Compression Fracture | Commonly seen in the spine. Shortened height of the spinous bodies caused over time due to gravity |
| Asepsis | the absence of germs or microorganisms |
| Medical Asepsis | a technique or procedure which REDUCES the number of microorganisms and therefore prevents the spread of diseases |
| Surgical Asepsis | the attempt at TOTAL DISTRUCTION of the microorganisms in an attempt to protect against infection before, during and after a surgical procedure |
| Nosocomial Infection | a category of disease acquired in a hospital |
| Cathode | a negatively charged electrode |
| Primary Radiation | the beam that leaves the tube |
| Scatter Radiation | radiation that is randomly scattered within or outside the body (part of weakening the beam) |
| Remnant (exit) Radiation | what remains of the primary beam after it has been attenuated (weakened) by matter |
| kVp (kilovolts) | controls the speed of the electrons (controls Quality) |
| mA (milliamps) | controls the number of electrons at the source |
| mAS | mA x S = mAS (controls Quantity) (s = speed/time) ex. 300 mA x 1 second = 300 mAS ex. 100 mA x 3 seconds = 300 mAS |
| High contrast | Short scale- great differences between gray shades but small number of shades. high contrast=big difference. May "hide" some information in the image |
| Low contrast | Long scale- slight differences between gray shades, but great number of shades. Low contrast= low difference |
| Detail (spatial resolution) | The ability to see small structures or to see structural edges sharply |
| Distortion | Misrepresentation of the true size or shape of an object |
| Shape | Angulation of tube, part or receptor |
| OID | Object to image distance |