What is binary?
A number system that only uses two digits: 0 and 1. It is used by computers to represent data.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What is binary? | A number system that only uses two digits: 0 and 1. It is used by computers to represent data. |
What is a bit? | A binary digit (either 0 or 1). |
What is a byte? | 8 bits grouped together. |
Why do computers use binary? | Because electronic circuits have two states (on/off) which match 1 and 0. |
How do you convert binary to denary? | Multiply each bit by its power of 2 place value and add them. |
What is a kilobyte (KB)? | 1024 bytes |
What is a megabyte (MB)? | 1024 KB |
What is a gigabyte (GB)? | 1024 MB |
What is a terabyte (TB) | 1024 GB |
What are the two key factors that affect image file size? | Resolution (number of pixels)
Colour depth (bits per pixel) |
What is resolution? | The number of pixels in an image (width × height) |
What is colour depth? | The number of bits used to represent the colour of each pixel. |
What does higher colour depth mean? | More colours but larger file size. |
What is sampling in sound? | Measuring the amplitude of sound waves at regular intervals. |
What is sample rate? | The number of samples taken per second (Hz). |
What is bit depth in audio? | The number of bits used to store each sample. |
What happens when sample rate or bit depth increases? | Better sound quality but larger file size. |
What is compression? | Reducing the size of a file. |
What is lossless compression? | Compression where no data is lost and the file can be restored exactly. |
Give examples of lossless compression. | PNG files, ZIP files. |
What is lossy compression? | Compression where some data is permanently removed. |
Give examples of lossy compression. | JPEG files, MP3 files. |
Why is lossy compression used? | It reduces file size much more, useful for images, music, and video. |