endoplasmic Reticulum

network of membranes near the nucleus, involved in protein and lipid production.

Rough ER

covered in ribosomes and modifies and folds proteins for use in or outside the cell

Smooth ER

lacks ribosomes, makes lipids, and detoxifies harmful substances

Ribosomes

build proteins by assembling amino acids based on DNA and is found floating in cytoplasm or attached to rough ER.

Golgi Apparatus (complex)

processes and packages proteins and lipids from the ER

exocytosis

release outside the cell

Lysomes

small organelles filled with digestive enzymes, breaking down waste, old cell parts, and foreign pathogens

Mitochondria

doubled membraned organelles that produce ATP

Interphase

the longest phase of the cell cycle