Sex

refers to biological, physical attributes (chromosomes, anatomy, hormones) typically categorized as male, female, or intersex.

Gender

a social construct, encompassing roles, behaviors, and identity (how one feels and expresses themselves), which is fluid and not limited to a binary.

GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT

A development approach that is participatory, empowering, and free from violence. It aims to promote human rights while enabling both men and women to contribute effectively to societal progress.

PHILIPPINE PLAN FOR GAD (1995 - 2025)

seeks to address gender disparities through comprehensive strategies. It emphasizes equal rights and participation in development initiatives, reflecting the commitment to gender equality at national level.

RA NO. 9710 or the Magna Carta for Women

enacted to promote gender equality and protect women's rights. This law mandates the integration of gender perspective in various aspects of political and social policies.

Gender and Development (GAD) Approach

It emerged in the 1980s as an alternative to the Women in Development (WID) approach and broadens the focus from merely women-centric development to analyzing societal roles assigned to both genders.

Women in Development (WID) Approach

This approach focuses on women-centered development before the emergence of GAD.

Gender Roles and Social Relations

These are the two primary frameworks in GAD that include Gender Roles and Social Relations.

Gender Roles

This framework critically examines the social construction of identities.

Social Relations

This framework identifies power dynamic within social institution.

Gender Stereotypes

These impose rigid expectations on men and women, limiting personal identity and growth.

LGBTQ+ Culture

This reflects a unique blend of acceptance and resistance in the Philippines, where gay and lesbian identities exist side by side.

First LGBT Pride March in the Philippines

This event took place on June 26, 1994, marking a turning point for visibility and activism in the Filipino LGBTQ+ community.

Discrimination

This remains pervasive in the Philippines despite progress in recognizing LGBTQ+ rights

Stonewall Uprising

This uprising is associated with the anniversary connected to the first LGBT Pride March in the Philippines.

HIV/AIDS

This is often connected to LGBTQ+ communities in early public discourse but can affect anyone regardless of gender or sexual orientation.

Drug Addiction

This is often portrayed in Philippine media as a social problem linked to poverty, crime, and moral failure.

DEVIANCE

Refers to behaviors that violate social norms.

Positive Deviance

It involves challenging norms to promote social change (e.g., gender equality activism).

Negative Deviance

It involves criminal acts or behaviors condemned by society.

Social Learning Theory

It explains that people learn behaviors by observing others, including celebrities and influencers.

Labeling Theory

It explains that society labels certain individuals as "deviant," which can reinforce stigma.

Strain Theory

It explains that when people cannot achieve socially accepted goals through legitimate means, they may turn to deviant behavior.