Why are in vivo muscles biopsies not commonly used in speech and hearing science? - No equipment has been developed for the procedure at this time. - Removing a biopsy of a small muscle could greatly affect function of the muscle. - Muscle biopsies are completed very commonly in speech and hearing science. - Muscle biopsies are relatively new techniques. - There is no need for in vivo biopsies in speech and hearing science.

Removing a biopsy of a small muscle could greatly affect function of the muscle.

Which of the following refers to muscle formation: Myospecificity Synaptogenesis Myogenesis Synapse Muscle genesis

Myogenesis

The neurotransmitter that is required for muscle contraction is: Sarcomeres Calcium Acetylcholine Acetylcholinesterase Sarcolemma

Acetylcholine

What causes acetylcholine vesicles to be released from the cell membrane? Lactate entering the cell Calcium entering the axon terminal Calcium leaving the axon terminal Sodium leaving the cell Acetylcholinesterase activity

Calcium entering the axon terminal

In a muscle cell, the postsynaptic membrane, or the [ ], contains [ ] , which blinds with acetylcholine to propagate the neural impulse. Sarcolemma; acetylcholine receptors Sarcolemma; enzymes Acetylcholine receptors; sarcolemma Acetylcholine receptors; plasmalemma Plasmalemma; acetylcholine

Sarcolemma; acetylcholine receptors

List the muscle fiber types from most to least fatigue-resistant: Type IIx, I, IIa Type I, IIa, IIx Type IIa, I, IIa Type IIx, IIa, I Type I, IIx, IIa

Type I, IIa, IIx

Which muscle fiber type(s) primarily relies on oxidative phosphorylation to produce ATP? Type IIa Type IIb Type I B and C Type IIx

Type I

[ ] muscle fibers are endurance fibers, while [ ] are power fibers. Type I, Type II Type IIx, Type I Type IIa, Type IIb Type IIa, Type IIx Type II, Type I

Type I, Type II

Which of the following is/are the energy system(s) that produces the most ATP per glucose molecule? A and B Oxidative phosphorylation Glycolysis Immediate energy system B and C

Oxidative phosphorylation

Which of the following are changes that would occur in muscle tissue with training? - Number and distribution of postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors in the sarcolemma - All of the above - Hypertrophy - Increase in capillary density - Amount of acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft

All of the above

The first time calcium is imported in the muscle fiber contraction: - Storing fuel for muscle contraction - Bind with sarcoplasmic reticulum to produce ATP - Enter into the axon terminal in order for acetylcholine to be released - Relaxing the muscle after contraction is complete - Bind to troponin complex, allowing the actin and myosin filaments to slide past each other, thus contracting the muscle fiber

Enter into the axon terminal in order for acetylcholine to be released

For motor unit recruitment, the size principle explains that [ ] are recruited first, followed by [ ]: Type I muscle fibers (smaller and slower); Type II muscle fibers (larger and faster) Type II muscle fibers (larger and faster); Type I muscle fibers (smaller and slower) Type II muscle fibers (smaller and slower); Type I muscle fibers (larger and faster) Type I muscle fibers (larger and faster); Type II muscle fibers (smaller and slower) Type I and II muscle fibers are recruited at the same time

Type I muscle fibers (smaller and slower); Type II muscle fibers (larger and faster)

Which of the following is an example of isometric muscle contraction? Touching your toes Lowering a 10-lb weight in a bicep curl Raising a 10-lb weight in biceps curl Holding a heavy box of textbooks Going down a flight of stairs

Holding a heavy box of textbooks

Which of the following is an example of concentric muscle contraction? Touching your toes Going down a flight of stairs Raising a 10-lb weight in biceps curl Holding a heavy box of textbooks Lowering a 10-lb weight in biceps curl

Raising a 10-lb weight in biceps curl

Which of the follow is an example of eccentric muscle contraction? Lowering a 10-lb weight in a biceps curl Touching your toes Raising a 10-lb weight in biceps curl Going up a flight of stairs Holding a heavy box of textbooks

Lowering a 10-lb weight in a biceps curl

Which principle states that muscles need to be trained beyond the level at which they are used to without exceeding the tolerance of the individual? Specific adaptation to imposed demand Overload Size Delayed onset muscle soreness Reversibility

Overload

Which principle describes the organization of motor unit recruitment? Specific adaptation to imposed demand Delayed onset muscle soreness Reversibility Size Overload

size

Which of the following refers to muscle discomfort that occurs 24-48 hours after heavy exercise? Specific adaptation to imposed demand Delayed onset muscle soreness Reversibility Overload Size

Delayed onset muscle soreness

Which of the following interrupts the formation and release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft? Myasthenia gravis Sarin gas Bungarotoxin Botulinum toxin Black widow spider venom

Botulinum toxin

Which of the following are changes that occur to skeletal muscle with aging? Loss of muscle mass More reliance on neural mechanisms for strength in older males Reduced efficiency of fast-twitch fiber contraction Reduction in capillary density All of the above

all of the above