What is phonological awareness?
Awareness of larger sound parts in spoken language (syllables, onset-rime, compound words). No print involved.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
What is phonological awareness? | Awareness of larger sound parts in spoken language (syllables, onset-rime, compound words). No print involved. |
What is phonemic awareness?
| Ability to manipulate individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words. |
Key difference between phonological and phonemic awareness? | Phonological = big sound units
Phonemic = smallest sound units (individual phonemes) |
What is onset ? | The first consonant or consonant cluster (e.g., /st/ in stick) |
What is rhyme in a word? | The vowel + ending sounds (e.g., /ick/ in stick) |
What is sound deletion? | Removing a sound from a word
Example: bat → remove /b/ → “at” |
What is sound substitution?
| Replacing one sound with another
Example: stick → replace /t/ with /l/ → “slick” |
What does systematic instruction mean?
| Teaching skills in a planned sequence from simple → complex |
What does explicit instruction mean?
| Teacher models and directly teaches step-by-step |
What does recursive instruction mean? | Reviewing and revisiting skills repeatedly over time |
Order of language development ?
| Listening → Speaking → Reading → Writing |
What are receptive skills? | Receiving language (Listening + Reading) |
What are expressive skills?
| Producing language (Speaking + Writing) |
What is directionality? | Understanding print goes left to right, top to bottom |
What is environmental print?
| Print found in everyday life (signs, labels, logos) |
What shows print awareness in children? | Holding books correctly
Pretending to write left-to-right
Retelling familiar books |
Pre-alphabetic stage | Recognizing words by visual memory, not letters |
Partial alphabetic stage
| Knowing some letters/sounds, often beginning sounds |
Full alphabetic stage | Ability to sound out full words |
Consolidated alphabetic stage
| Recognizing word patterns and chunks for fluency |
Automatic stage
| Fluent reading with little effort or decoding |
Automatic stage
| Fluent reading with little effort or decoding |