PRAXIS 5205 : Phonological and Phonemic Awareness and Emergent Literacy ( CONTENT 1)

Created by Megan Wilson

What is phonological awareness?
Awareness of larger sound parts in spoken language (syllables, onset-rime, compound words). No print involved.

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TermDefinition
What is phonological awareness?
Awareness of larger sound parts in spoken language (syllables, onset-rime, compound words). No print involved.
What is phonemic awareness?
Ability to manipulate individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words.
Key difference between phonological and phonemic awareness?
Phonological = big sound units Phonemic = smallest sound units (individual phonemes)
What is onset ?
The first consonant or consonant cluster (e.g., /st/ in stick)
What is rhyme in a word?
The vowel + ending sounds (e.g., /ick/ in stick)
What is sound deletion?
Removing a sound from a word Example: bat → remove /b/ → “at”
What is sound substitution?
Replacing one sound with another Example: stick → replace /t/ with /l/ → “slick”
What does systematic instruction mean?
Teaching skills in a planned sequence from simple → complex
What does explicit instruction mean?
Teacher models and directly teaches step-by-step
What does recursive instruction mean?
Reviewing and revisiting skills repeatedly over time
Order of language development ?
Listening → Speaking → Reading → Writing
What are receptive skills?
Receiving language (Listening + Reading)
What are expressive skills?
Producing language (Speaking + Writing)
What is directionality?
Understanding print goes left to right, top to bottom
What is environmental print?
Print found in everyday life (signs, labels, logos)
What shows print awareness in children?
Holding books correctly Pretending to write left-to-right Retelling familiar books
Pre-alphabetic stage
Recognizing words by visual memory, not letters
Partial alphabetic stage
Knowing some letters/sounds, often beginning sounds
Full alphabetic stage
Ability to sound out full words
Consolidated alphabetic stage
Recognizing word patterns and chunks for fluency
Automatic stage
Fluent reading with little effort or decoding
Automatic stage
Fluent reading with little effort or decoding