What is the UK made up of?
England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is the UK made up of? | England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland |
| Official name of the UK | The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland |
| What does Great Britain refer to | England, Scotland and Wales (Not Northern Ireland) |
| List the island that are closely linked with the UK but not a part of it | Channel Islands, The Isle of Man |
| List the Crown Dependencies | Channel Islands, The Isle of Man |
| The Crown Dependencies have.... | their own governments |
| St Helena and Falkland island are linked to the UK and part of it | FALSE |
| St Helena and Falkland island are linked to the UK and NOT part of it | TRUE |
| The first people to live in Britain in the stone age were hunter gatherers | TRUE |
| Who were the first people to live in Britain in the stone age? | Hunter gatherers |
| During the stone age Britain was connected to the continent by a land bridge | TRUE |
| When did Britain became separated from the continent? | ~ 10,000 years ago |
| When did the first farmers first arrive in Britain ? | 6k years ago |
| What is an important monument building during the Stone Age in England? | Stonehenge |
| What is an important monument building during the Stone Age in Scotland, Orkney? | Skara Brae |
| What was Stonehenge used for? | Seasonal ceremonies |
| When did people in Britain start building hill forts? | The Iron Age |
| When were the first coins in Britain created? | The Iron Age |
| When did Julius Ceasar lead the Roman invasion? | 55BC |
| Was the invasion led by Julius Ceasar successful | No |
| Which Roman emperor successfully invaded Britain? | Emperor Claudies |
| When was Britain successfully invaded by the Roman Empire ? | 43AD |
| Which tribal leader fought against the romans | Boudicca |
| Who was the queen of the Iceni ? | Boudicca |
| Which part of Great Britain was not conquered by the Romans? | Scotland |
| What was built after the unsuccessful invasion of Scotland? | The Hadrian's Wall |
| How long were the Romans in Britain ? | 400 years |
| When did the first Christian community appear in Britain | 3rd + 4rth Centuries |
| When did the Roman army leave Britain? | 410 AD |
| Who was Britain invaded by after the Roman empire? | Tribes from Northern Europe: The Juts, the Angles, the Saxons |
| What languages does modern English have its roots in? | Anglo-Saxon languages |
| In 600AD Anglo-Saxon kingdoms were established in Britain? | TRUE |
| In 600AD Anglo-Saxon kingdoms were not established in Britain? | FALSE |
| Where were Anglo-Saxon kingdoms established? | England area, much of Scotland and Wales remained free |
| Were Anglo-Saxons Christians at first? | No |
| How did Anglo-Saxons become Christian? | Missionaries from Ireland eg St. Patrick, patron Saint of Ireland and St. Columba and St.Augustine |
| Who became the first Arch bishop of Canterbury ? | St. Augustine |
| St. Columba founded a monastery in the Island of Iona? | TRUE |
| Where did the Vikings come from? | Denmark, Norway and Sweden |
| When did the Vikings first visit Britain? | 789AD |
| What did the Vikings do in Britain ? | Raided, took slaves |
| Where did the Vikings first settle in Britain? | East of England and Scotland |
| Who did the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms unite under? | King Alfred the Great |
| Who defeated the Vikings? | King Alfred the Great |
| Who was the first Danish king in England? | King Cnut |
| Who united the regions that are now Scotland? | Kenneth MacAlpin |
| When did the term Scotland begin to be used? | When Kenneth MacAlpin united the norther regions against the threat of the Vikings |
| When was the Battle of Hastings | 1066AD |
| Who led the battle of Hastings | William the Duke of Normandy (Northern France) |
| Who was defeated in the battle of Hastings? | Harold, the Saxon king of England |
| After the battle of Hastings, William the duke of Normandy became known as? | William the Conqueror (William the 1st) |
| In which piece of art is the battle of Hastings commemorated | In the Bayeux Tapestry (Femina 4ever) |
| When was Westminster abbey first used as the coronation church? | 1066AD, after the battle of Hastings for William |
| Norman French influenced English as we know it today? | TRUE |
| Norman French didn't influence English as we know it today? | FALSE |
| Did the Normans evade Scotland? | No, they took some of the land at the border but that's it |
| Did the Normans invade Wales? | Yes, but they gradually won their territory back |
| What is domesday book? | List of all the towns, villages and people who live there, land and animals they owned (aka the first inventory/census), made by William |
| How long are the middle ages? | From end of roman empire AD 476 until 1485 |
| The middle ages were a time of? | constant war |
| What is the Statute of Rhuddlan? | A statute that annexed Wales to the crown of England (aka connected/added) |
| When was Wales annexed to the crown of England? | in 1284 |
| Who introduced the Statute of Ruddlan? | Kind Edward 1st of England |
| When was the last Welsh Rebellion defeated? | 15th Century |
| When did Robert the Bruce defeat the English? | 1314 |
| In which battle did Robert the Bruce defeat the English? | The battle of Bannockburn |
| Ireland was an independent country at the beginning of the Diddle Ages | TRUE |
| Ireland was NOT an independent country at the beginning of the Diddle Ages | FALSE |
| By which year did the English ruled an area of Ireland as Pale? | By 1200 |
| When was magna carta introduced? | 1215 |
| What is the Magna Carta? | A royal charter of rights |
| Who introduced the Magna Carta | King John of England at Runnymede |
| What was the name of the long war with France during the Middle Ages? | The 100 years war |
| How long did the 100 years war last? | 116 years lol |
| What was the most famous battle of the 100 years war? | The battle of Agincourt |
| When was The battle of Agincourt ? | 1415 |
| Who won the The battle of Agincourt? | King Henry the 5th |
| The English Army outnumbered during the The battle of Agincourt ? | TRUE |
| When the English leave France ? | Around 1450s |
| When were official documents in England written in English? | by 1400s |
| When did English become the preferred language in the parliament and royal court ? | by 1400s |
| What was the name of the system of land ownership used by the Normans? | Feudalism |
| Most peasants owned their own land or were serfs during the middle ages? | most were serfs |
| During the middles ages who owned land in north of Scotland and Ireland? | Clans aka prominent families |
| When did the Black Death arrive to Britain? | 1348 |
| How many people died from the Black Death? | 1/3 of the population |
| What happened after the Black Death? | Labour shortages and peasants demanding higher wages |
| After the Black Death what new social class appeared? | The gentry aka owners of large areas of land (middle class) |
| When did the King's power begun to be limited? | 1215 |
| What 3 stipulations did the Magna Carta lay out for the King? | 1) King is subject to the law, 2) protection of the rights of the nobility, 3) restriction of the king's power to collect taxes and to make/change laws (noblemen need to be involved) |
| What 2 houses comprise the English parliament? | House of Lords and House of Commons |
| In the middle ages, who belonged to the House of Lords? | Nobility, great landowner and bishops |
| In the middle ages, who belonged to the House of Commons? | Knights (smaller landowners) and the wealthy |
| What 3 houses comprised the Scottish Parliament (in the middle ages)? | The Lords, the Commons and the Clergy (or collective known as the Estates) |
| Why was the parliament called by the King? | To consult on raising money/taxes |
| When was the law codified? | In the middle ages? |
| Who is Geoffrey Chaucer ? | A poet |
| What did Geoffrey Chaucer write? | The Canterbury tales |
| When did Geoffrey Chaucer write the Canterbury tales? | In the years leading up to 1400s |
| What are the Canterbury tales? | A collection of poems |
| Who was the first person to print books, using a printing press in England? | William Caxton |
| In Scotland people continued to speak Gaelic and started Scots during the middle ages | TRUE |
| In Scotland people did not continue to speak Gaelic or Scots during the middle ages | FALSE |
| Castles were built in the middle ages | TRUE |
| Castle were not built in the middle ages | FALSE |
| Cathedrals were not built in the middle ages and did not have stained windows | FALSE |
| What is the wars of the roses? | A civil war between the supporters of two families: House of Lancaster and House of York |
| When did the wars of the roses begin? | 1455 |
| What was the symbol of the House of Lancaster | The red rose |
| What was the symbol of the House of York | The white rose |
| What was the symbol of the House of Tudor | The red and white rose |
| With which battle did the war of the roses end? | Battle of Bosworth Field |
| When was the Battle of Bosworth Field? | 1485 |
| When did the wars of the roses end? | 1485 |
| Who won the battle of Bosworth Field? | Henry Tudor, who became King Henry the 7th from the house of Lancaster |
| Who was killed in the battle of Bosworth field? | King Richard the 3rd of the House of York |
| How did the house of Tudor created? | Henry the 7th married King Richard's niece, Elizabeth of York |
| What did Henry the 7th do? | Deliberately strengthened the central administration of England and reduced the power of the nobles |
| When did Henry 8th become King? | 21st April 1509 |
| What is Henry the 8th most famous for? | Breaking away from the Catholic Church and marrying 6 times. |
| Who were the 6 wives of Henry 8th? | Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard and Catherine Parr (in order he married them in) |
| Catherine of Aragon was the princess of which country? | Spain |
| What happened to Catherine of Aragon | She was divorced because she did not produce a male heir, she had a daughter Mary (Bloody Mary) |
| What happened to Anne Boleyn? | She was executed at the tower of London, accused of taking lovers. |
| How many kids did Anne Boleyn have with Henry the 8th? | 1 daughter, Elizabeth |
| What happened to Jane Seymour? | She died after the birth of their son Edward. |
| Who was Anne of Cleves? | She was a German princess, married to Henry 8th for political reasons |
| What happened to Anne of Cleves? | Divorced soon after marriage |
| Who was Catherine Howard? | Cousin of Anne Boleyn |
| What happened to Catherine Howard? | Executed for also allegedly taking lovers |
| Who was Catherine Parr? | She was a widow, who married Henry 8th later in his life |
| What happened to Catherine Parr? | She outlived the dipshit (henry 8th) and married after him |
| Why did Henry 8th establish the church of England? | To get a divorce, after refusal of the Pope |
| What is the main difference of the church of England? | The kind has the power to appoint church officials (bishops etc) |
| What is the Reformation? | Movement across Europe, against the authority of the Pope and ideas from the Roman Catholic Church |
| What happened during the Reformation? | The protestant church gained a lot of followers |
| What is the main difference between Catholics and Protestants? | 1) Protestants read the bible in their own language, 2) they don't pray to saints or at shrines, 3) a person's own relationship with God is more important than the authority of the Church |
| Where did Protestantism fail? | Ireland, led to a rebellion and fight, Ireland is still catholic |
| What happened to Wales during the Reign of King Henry 8th? | They were united with England by the act for the government of Wales; the Welsh had representatives in the house of commons and the legal system was reformed. |
| Who was Henry the 8th succeeded by? | By his son, Edward 6th |
| When did Henry 8th die? | 28th January 1547 |
| Edward the 6th was strongly Protestant? | TRUE |
| What did Edward 6th do that was important for religion? | He had the book of common prayer written. |
| At what age did the Edward the 6th die? | 15 yo |
| What year did Edward 6th die? | 1553 (ruled for 6 years) |
| Who succeeded Edward 6th? | Mary 1st of England aka Bloody Mary |
| Why was Mary called Bloody Mary? | She was Catholic and persecuted Protestants |
| Who succeeded Mary 1st of England? | Elizabeth the 1st (Anne Boleyn's daughter) |
| What did Elizabeth 1st do for religion? | She reestablished the Church of England (she was protestant) and succeeded in finding balance between Catholics and Protestants to avoid conflict. |
| When was the Reformation in Scotland? | 1560 |
| When did the English defeat the Spanish Armada? | In 1588 |
| What was the purpose of the Spanish Armada? | Conquer England and restore Catholicism |
| When did Elizabeth 1st die? | 1603 |
| Who succeeds Elizabeth 1st? | James 1st of England, Wales and Ireland and 6th of Scotland |
| What were the religious views of Mary Queen of Scots? | Catholic |
| How old was Mary Queen of Scots when she became Queen? | 1 week old |
| Where did Mary Queen of Scots spend her childhood? | France |
| What happened when Mary Queen of Scots returned to Scotland? | There was power struggle between different groups |
| What was Mary suspected of? | Murdering her husband, she also fled to England? |
| Who succeeded Mary Queen of Scots? | Her protestant son James 6th of Scotland |
| How did Mary Queen of Scots die? | She went to Elizabeth 1st (her cousin) to ask for help to flee but Elizabeth suspected she wanted to take over the English throne and she kept her prisoner for 20 years. She was eventually executed, accused for plotting against Elizabeth 1st |
| The Elizabethan period in England was a time of growing patriotism? | TRUE |
| Who was one of the commanders in the defeat of the Spanish Armada? | Sir Francis Drake |
| Sir Francis Drake's ship, the Golden Hind, was one of the first to sail around the world? | TRUE |
| Where did English settlers began to colonise during Elizabeth 1st reign? | Eastern Coast of America |
| From which period are William Shakespeare's works? | The Elizabethan period |
| When was William Shakespeare born? | 1564 |
| When did William Shakespeare die? | 1616 |
| Where was William Shakespeare born? | Stratford upon Avon, England |
| What are Shakespeare's most famous plays? | A midsummer's night dream, Hamlet, Macbeth and Romeo and Juliet. |
| What did Shakespeare contribute to the English language? | New words and common sayings; "once more unto the breach" (Henry 5ht), "to be or not be" (Hamlet), "a rose by another name" (Romeo and Juliet), "all the world's a stage" (As you like it) and "the darling buds of May" (Sonnet 18) |
| What is the globe theatre? | A modern copy of the theatre of the elizabethan time where Shakespeare's plays were performed. |