Metamorphism

Changes in a rock caused by pressure (P) and temperature (T) without melting. 【1-6c612e】

Burial Metamorphism

A type of metamorphism caused by deep burial of rocks. 【1-6c612e】

Regional Metamorphism

Metamorphism occurring over large areas due to tectonic forces and increased pressure and temperature. 【1-6c612e】

Contact Metamorphism

Metamorphism caused by heat from nearby magma or igneous intrusions. 【1-6c612e】

Cataclastic Metamorphism

Metamorphism caused by intense mechanical deformation and crushing of rocks. 【1-6c612e】

Hydrothermal Metamorphism

Metamorphism caused by hot fluid circulation through rocks. 【1-6c612e】

Impact/Shock Metamorphism

Metamorphism caused by meteorite impacts and extreme pressures. 【1-6c612e】

Metamorphic Grade

The intensity of metamorphism experienced by a rock. 【1-6c612e】

Low-Grade Metamorphism

Fine-grained rocks that resemble the parent rock and contain hydrous minerals such as clay, chlorite, and serpentine. 【1-6c612e】

Medium-Grade Metamorphism

Medium to coarse-grained rocks containing minerals such as mica, epidote, amphibole, and garnet. 【1-6c612e】

High-Grade Metamorphism

Medium to coarse-grained rocks containing garnet, feldspar, and pyroxene, often showing color banding or granular texture. 【1-6c612e】

Foliation

Parallel arrangement of platy minerals, typically mica, caused by differential stress. 【1-6c612e】

Lineation

Parallel arrangement of elongated minerals such as amphibole. 【1-6c612e】

Confining Pressure

Pressure applied equally in all directions. 【1-6c612e】

Directed Pressure (Differential Stress)

Pressure that is greater in one direction than another. 【1-6c612e】

Foliated Rocks

Rocks that show a preferred orientation of minerals. 【1-6c612e】

Slate

Dense, fine-grained foliated rock with slaty cleavage; mainly contains chlorite. 【1-6c612e】

Phyllite

Dense, fine-grained, shiny foliated rock with slaty cleavage; contains chlorite and mica. 【1-6c612e】

Schist

Medium to coarse-grained shiny foliated rock containing mica, garnet, quartz, and feldspar. 【1-6c612e】

Gneiss

Medium to coarse-grained foliated rock with color banding; contains quartz, feldspar, mica, and amphibole. 【1-6c612e】

Amphibolite

Medium to coarse-grained dark metamorphic rock composed mainly of amphibole. 【1-6c612e】

Non-Foliated Rocks

Rocks that lack a preferred orientation of minerals. 【1-6c612e】

Granulite

Coarse-grained granular rock containing pyroxene, feldspar, garnet, and quartz. 【1-6c612e】

Eclogite

Coarse-grained metamorphic rock composed mainly of garnet and pyroxene. 【1-6c612e】

Marble

Coarse crystalline metamorphic rock composed of calcite or dolomite; can be scratched by an iron nail. 【1-6c612e】

Quartzite

Massive, dense, hard metamorphic rock composed of quartz; cannot be scratched by an iron nail. 【1-6c612e】

Serpentinite

Green dense metamorphic rock composed mainly of serpentine. 【1-6c612e】

Talc (Soapstone)

Greenish-gray metamorphic rock that can be scratched easily. 【1-6c612e】

Anthracite

Black, shiny, crystalline metamorphic form of coal. 【1-6c612e】

Porphyroblastic Texture

Metamorphic texture characterized by large crystals in a finer-grained matrix. 【1-6c612e】

Granoblastic Texture

Metamorphic texture consisting of equidimensional interlocking grains. 【1-6c612e】

Skarn

A contact metamorphic rock rich in calcium-silicate minerals. 【1-6c612e】

Index Minerals

Minerals used to indicate metamorphic conditions, including chlorite, biotite, garnet, staurolite, kyanite, and sillimanite. 【1-6c612e】

Hornfels

A metamorphic facies associated with contact metamorphism and high temperatures. 【1-6c612e】

Zeolite Facies

A low-grade regional metamorphic facies. 【1-6c612e】

Greenschist Facies

A regional metamorphic facies representing low to moderate metamorphic conditions. 【1-6c612e】

Amphibolite Facies

A regional metamorphic facies representing medium to high metamorphic conditions. 【1-6c612e】

Granulite Facies

A high-grade regional metamorphic facies. 【1-6c612e】

Blueschist Facies

A high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphic facies. 【1-6c612e】

Eclogite Facies

A high-pressure, moderate to high-temperature metamorphic facies. 【1-6c612e】

Zone

An area with similar metamorphic temperature conditions. 【1-6c612e】

Isograd

A boundary marking the first appearance of an index mineral. 【1-6c612e】

Facies

An assemblage of minerals indicative of a certain range of pressure and temperature conditions. 【1-6c612e】

Basalt Parent Rock

Metamorphoses into amphibolite or eclogite. 【1-6c612e】

Peridotite Parent Rock

Metamorphoses into serpentinite or talc (soapstone). 【1-6c612e】

Granite Parent Rock

Metamorphoses into granite gneiss. 【1-6c612e】

Sandstone Parent Rock

Metamorphoses into quartzite. 【1-6c612e】

Limestone Parent Rock

Metamorphoses into marble. 【1-6c612e】

Coal Parent Rock

Metamorphoses into anthracite. 【1-6c612e】

Shale Parent Rock

Metamorphoses into slate, phyllite, schist, and gneiss. 【1-6c612e】