1. Bill consumes 2500 kcal/day. Thermic effect of food? — 200 to 375 kcal

2. Not part of the weight-loss triad? — Drinking sugar-free beverages

3. Example of cognitive restructuring? — Replacing stressful eating situations with relaxing alternatives

4. 500 kcal deficit per day = ? lb/week — 1

5. Samantha not hired due to her appearance is an example of: — Weight bias

6. Which is true about fat? — It is a concentrated source of calories.

7. Thermic effect of food = ? — 8% to 15%

8. Body weight (kg) / height (m²) = — BMI

9. Weight gain from +500 kcal/day for 1 month — 4 pounds

10. BMI for 1.63 m, 72 kg — 27

11. True about Peg’s yo-yo dieting — She likely regains additional body fat.

12. Active woman (19–30 yrs) calorie needs — 2400

13. To lose 5 lb in 5 weeks → reduce from 2100 kcal to: — 1600 to 1700

14. Most qualified expert for weight loss — Registered dietitian nutritionist

15. Thermic effect of food — Represents calories needed to digest, absorb, and process food

16. Fad diet characteristic — Promotes quick solutions and rapid weight loss

17. Highest vitamin A serving — Liver

18. Best for preserving vitamins — Flash freezing

19. Drying of cornea from vit A deficiency — Xerophthalmia

20. Synthetic folic acid is ______ bioavailable — More

21. Vitamin C and meat protein ______ nonheme iron absorption — Increase

22. Refined grains leave the: — Endosperm

23. Free radicals damage which membrane component? — Phospholipid

24. Newborns receive injection of: — Vitamin K

25. Prevent neural tube defects — Folate

26. Antioxidants — Donate electrons to free radicals

27. Rickets is caused by deficiency of: — Vitamin D

28. ACS recommendations include: — All of these

29. Main form of vitamin E in body — Alpha-tocopherol

30. Best vitamin D source for vegans — Vitamin D–fortified soymilk

31. Choline is a precursor for: — Phospholipids

32. Structure/function claim must include: — FDA warning that claims are not evaluated

33. Water-soluble vitamin excess excreted via: — Kidneys

34. Softening hard water increases: — Sodium

35. Correct mineral classification: — Trace minerals are needed in amounts lower than 100 mg/day.

36. Iron best absorbed from: — Beef

37. Optimal bone health needs: — Calcium, vitamin D, and protein

38. Sodium concentration regulated by: — Kidneys

39. Large doses of ______ decrease copper absorption — Zinc

40. Who should worry about dehydration? — All of these

41. Bottled water has ______ fluoride than tap water — A lower

42. Mineral that lowers blood pressure when intake increases: — Potassium

43. Typical American diet is: — Too high in sodium

44. Impaired glucose tolerance from deficiency of: — Chromium

45. Unfortified coconut milk issue — High in fat; low in calcium and vitamin D

46. Water amount controlled by: — Ion concentration

47. Blood phosphorus regulated by: — Kidneys

48. Functions of water: — All of these

49. Lower salt taste threshold after: — 2 weeks

50. Cortical bone: — Has a dense structure

51. Most pregnancies require supplement of: — Iron

52. Low maternal ______ increases risk of disorders — Vitamin D

53. True about lifestyle habits & pregnancy: — Binge drinking is harmful

54. Let-down reflex: — All true

55. True about lactation: — Lack of information reduces breastfeeding

56. From beginning to end of feeding, ______ increases: — Fat

57. To reduce oxidative egg damage: — Eat colorful fruits/veggies

58. EER for lactating women increases by: — 330 to 400 kcal/day

59. High testosterone & insulin infertility: — PCOS

60. Federal program: — WIC

61. High BP + protein in urine + seizures: — Eclampsia

62. RDA for carbs increases to prevent: — Ketosis

63. Obesity during pregnancy associated with: — All of these

64. Breastfed infants risk of atopic disease: — Lower

65. Critical trimester for birth defects: — First

66. Extra calories needed mostly during: — Second and third trimesters

67. Physical activity for school children: — 60 min/day

68. AAP infant supplements: — 10 mcg vitamin D

69. ASD: — Affects and is affected by nutritional status

70. Preschool snacks: — All of these

71. Breastfed infants need ______ at 4 months: — Iron

72. Infant iron stores depleted by: — 4–6 months

73. Sunken eyes, no tears = — Dehydration

74. Relative energy needs birth→adult: — Decrease

75. Hygiene hypothesis: — Antimicrobials impair immune development

76. Childhood restrictive eating disorder: — ARFID

77. U.S. school-age overweight/obese: — 1/3

78. Adolescents with obesity who remain obese: — 80%

79. Solids introduction: — Iron-fortified cereal

80. Human milk kcal from protein: — <10%

81. Infant kcal from fat: — 50%

82. Alcohol in adolescence: — All of these

83. Baby-led weaning safety: — All of these

84. Older adults meds: — 80% take daily; 25% take 5+

85. Life span: — Max age possible

86. Not Mediterranean diet: — Coconut oil

87. Common deficient mineral: — Magnesium

88. Older adults & activity: — Be as active as possible

89. Diet changes since 1950s: — More eggs

90. Congregate meals: — Provide 1/3 RDA/AI

91. Omega-3 fatty acids: — Decrease inflammation

92. Alzheimer’s & nutrition: — Others should help with planning/meals

93. Long-term aspirin increases need for: — Iron

94. Aging muscle loss reduced by: — Resistance exercise

95. Constipation relief: — Drink more fluid

96. Reserve capacity: — Organ decline hidden for years

97. Dairy avoidance advice: — Small dairy & fortified alternatives

98. Brain fuel: — Glucose

99. 85+ population by 2040: — Will double

100. Antioxidant protecting cells: — Vitamin