Poaceae

grass family

Zea

corn

Avena

oats

Triticum

wheat

Oryza

rice

Poa

blue grass

Cyndon

bermuda grass

Festuca

fescue

Amaryllidaceae

basal leaves (come straight from ground)

Amaryllis

genus and name

Narcissus

daffodils

Agapanthus

Lily of the Nile

Orchidaceae

orchid family; largest family of flowering plants

Epiphyte commensalism

relationship where orchid benefits with physical support and tree is completely unaffected *(orchids need to be planted in chunky bark)*

Vanilla

only orchid with ag purpose

Phalaenopsis

genus and name

Cattleya

genus and name

Cymbidium

genus and name

Arecaceae

palm family

Cocos

coconut

Elaeis

oil palm

Washingtonia

fan palm

Phoenix

date palms

Fabaceae

pea family; good for improving soil health

Dehiscent

plants open at seam and release seed at full maturity

Nitrogen Fixation

symbiotic relationship where the microorganisms provide nitrogen to the plant and the plant provides sugar from photosynthesis

Pisum

peas

Phaseolus

beans

Glycine

soy beans

Medicago

alfalfa

Trifolium

clover

Albizia

silk tree

Myrtaceae

myrtle family; woody plants known for the volatile (gaseous) oils they produce; native to CA central coast climates

Eucalyptus

name and genus

Callistemon

bottlebrush plants

Psidium

guava

Lamiaceae

mint family

Menthae

mint

Lavandula

lavander

Salvia

name and genus; annual bedding plant

Ocimum

basil

Solanaceae

potato family; many are poisonous, many used for important horticulture and ag plants

Solanum

tomatoes & potatoes

Nicotiana

name and genus & tobacco (Nicotiana - annual bedding plant grown for their flowers)

Capsicum

peppers

Petunia

name and genus; annual bedding plant

Rosaceae

rose family; greatly varies

Malus

apples

Pyrus

pear

Prunus

peach, almonds, plum

Fragaria

strawberries

Rubus

raspberries & blackberries

Rosa

rose

Asteraceae

sunflower family; second largest family

Cynara

artichoke

Lactua

lettuce

Helianthus

sunflower; single bud opened with multiple flowers on outside and inside

Dendranthema

chrysanthemum (mum)

Gerbera

daisies - colorful

Tagetes

marigold

Zinnia

name and genus

Rutaceae

citrus family

Citrus

name and genus

Murraya

curry tree

Crassulaceae

stone crop family; succulent leaves; well adapted to heat (store water in leaves); crassulacean acid metabolism (photosynthesis)

Crassula

jade plant

Echeveria

genus and name

Sempervivim

hens and chicks

Brassicaceae

mustard family; pungent herbs

Brassica

broccoli, brussel sprouts

Raphanus

radish

Iberis

candytuft

Matthiola

stock

Cucurbitaceae

gourd family; herbaceous vines

Citrullus

watermelon

Cucumus

cucumber

Cucurbita

pumpkin

Apiaceae

parsley family

Daucus

carrot

Apium

celery

Petroselinum

parsley

Taxonomic Hierarchy

Family > Genus (Genera) > Species > Variety and/or Cultivar

Plant Family

closely related plants with one or more genus; ends in *-aceae*; might have similar growing media/pest issues, etc.

Genus

closely related plants with 1 or more species; *capitalized and italicized or underlined*; botanical (first) name

Species

group of individuals who breed among themselves giving rise to similar individual; genus followed by specific epithet

Specific Epithet

lowercase, italicized or underlined, binomial name

common name

unspecific may change from region to region

Botanical name

precise provides clues to growing requirements

Variety

naturally reoccurring variation in a species ex: broccoli naturally breeding w/ broccoli - written lowercase and italicized or underlined

Cultivar

a variation in a species that requires some type of human intervention to continue creating that cultivar and its circumstances ex: grafting trees - written '...'

Label each part of this name: Brassica oleracea italica 'marathon'

Brassica - genus oleracea - specific epithet italica - variety 'marathon' - cultivar

Plant Hierarchy Organization

organelles cells tissues organs plant species population communities

Key PLANT organelles

cell wall, large central vacuole, plastids

cell wall function: composition: location:

function: provides cell structure composition: fiber matrix, pectin location: surrounds the plasma membrane

central vacuole function:

function: to regulate water pressure (turgor) and maintain shape - may occupy a large volume of mature cell - membrane bound

Plastids

- an organelle surrounded by at least one membrane structured inside of cells

5 types of plastids

1. proplastid 2. leucoplasts 3. amyloplasts 4. chromoplasts 5. chloroplasts

1. proplastid

no function, develops into other plastids

2. leucoplasts

oil storage

3. amyloplasts

starch storage, carbs they produce