Mineral fiberboard
• Glass fibers or gypsum powder are mixed with a binder and pressed between two layers of asphalt-impregnated paper, producing a rigid insulation board
Will not support combustion and will not burn
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mineral fiberboard | • Glass fibers or gypsum powder are mixed with a binder and pressed between two layers of asphalt-impregnated paper, producing a rigid insulation board Will not support combustion and will not burn |
| Oriented Strand Board (OBS) | Consists of compressed wood strands arranged in five or more cross-banded layers and bonded with phenolic resin under intense heat and pressure Offers dimensional stability, stiffness, fastener holding capacity, and no core voids |
| High-density overlay (HDO) | Have a hard, resin-impregnated fiber overlay heat-bonded to both surfaces Are abrasion- and moisture-resistant |
| Medium-density overlay (MDO) | Are coated on one or both surfaces with a smooth, opaque overlay Accept paint well |
| type 1 particle board | is basically a mat-formed particleboard generally made with vera-formaldehyde resin. |
| type 2 particleboard | Type II is a mat-formed particleboard made with durable moisture- and heat-resistant binders. |
| the three grades of hardboard | 1.Standard hardboard 2.Tempered hardboard 3.Service-grade hardboard |
| hardwood core info | Hardwood plywood may have any of four different types of cores. |
| Engineered wood products can be divided into two major categories: | Panel products and Lumber products |
| Panel Products | plywood, hardboard, particleboard, oriented strand board (OSB), fiberboard |
| Lumber products | laminated veneer lumber (LVL), parallel strand lumber (PSL), laminated strand lumber (LSL), wood I-joists, glued laminated lumber (glulam |
| grading terms | 1.Boards (BD) 2.Light framing (L.F.) 3.Joists and planks (J&P) 4.Beams and stringers (B&S) 5.Posts and timbers (P&T |
| lumber grade stamp | 1.Mill identification 2. Inspection association trademark 3. Grade designation 4. Species identification 5. Condition of seasoning at time of surfacing |
| Straight Grain | Fibers in the board run parallel with the vertical axis creating straight grains through the board |
| Irregular Grain | Fibers run at varying and irregular directions from the vertical axis of the log creating wavy grains, especially around knots in the wood |
| Diagonal Grain | Fibers in the board run parallel with the vertical axis, like in straight grains, but the log was not sawn on its vertical axis |
| Spiral Grain | Fibers that followed a spiral course with a twist either left or right due to a tree growing twisted |
| Interlocked Grain | Fibers that lined up in opposite directions each year of growth create an interlocked grain |
| Wavy Grain | Fibers were constantly changing during the growth of tree creating a wavy grain |
| Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) | Peeled from the tree in widths of 27 inches or 54 inches. The veneers are laid-up in a staggered pattern and overlapped. The grain of each layer runs in the same direction as the other layers. The veneers are bonded with an exterior-grade adhesive and pressed together and heated. |
| Parallel Strand Lumber (PSL) | Strands are about one-eighth inch or one-tenth inch thick. Bonded together with waterproof adhesive in a special heating process |
| Laminated Strand Lumber (LSL) | Logs are cut into short strands, which are bonded together and pressed into long blocks (billets) up to 5 and one-half inches thick, 8 feet wide, and 40 feet long. |
| Wood I-Beams | A web with flanges bonded to the top and bottom. This arrangement, which mimics a steel I-beam, provides exceptional strength. The webs are made of OSB or plywood, and the flanges are grooved to fit over the web. Can be used in greater spans than a comparable length of dimension lumber |
| Glued Laminated Lumber (glulam) | Manufactured from lengths of solid, kiln-dried lumber that are glued together Because of its exceptional strength and flexibility, glulam can be used in areas subject to high winds or earthquakes. |
| Three Appearance Grades of Glulam | 1.Industrial grade—used in open buildings where appearance is not a priority or where beams are not exposed 2.Architectural grade—used where beams are exposed and appearance is important 3.Premium grade—the highest grade; used where the highest-quality appearance is needed |
| Fire-retardant building material | Lumber and panel materials are sometimes treated with fire-retardant chemicals. The chemicals react to extreme heat, releasing vapors that form a protective coating around the outside of the wood. This coating delays ignition and inhibits the release of smoke and toxic fumes |
| Portland concrete | Plastic concrete—concrete is in a semiliquid state; when first mixed Green concrete—concrete hardens but has not yet gained structural strength Cured concrete—concrete has hardened and gained its structural strength |
| Concrete Masonry Unit Construction (CMU) | Concrete masonry units (CMUs), also referred to as concrete block are: Commonly used to build foundations and basement walls. Manufactured under a controlled environment using materials such as portland cement, sand, and gravel. After water is added to the portland cement, aggregates and admixtures are added. |
| Steel Framing Materials | Steel framing materials include light- and heavy-gauge framing members, such as steel joists and steel trusses. |
| Light-Gauge Steel Framing Members | Include C-shapes, tracks, U-channels, and furring channels C-shapes are used as studs; tracks are used as top and bottom plates. Are available in a wide range of standard web widths |
| Heavy-Gauge Steel Framing Members | Are available in the same shapes as light-gauge framing members Have knurled or dimpled sides for positive screw setting Can be ordered to the lengths that are needed |
| cement safety | Dry cement dust can cause: Blood poisoning. Chemical burns to the membranes of the eyes, nose, mouth, throat, or lungs. A fatal lung disease known as silicosis. Wet cement or concrete can cause: Chemical burns to the eyes and skin. An allergic skin reaction known as cement dermatitis. |
| Handling and Storing Concrete Products | Portland cement can be stored indefinitely if stored properly. Store bags off the ground and in a dry location. Stack bags closely together. If stored outdoors, stack the bags on pallets and cover them with a waterproof covering. |
| Handling and Storing Steel Products | Handle carefully as the steel framing members may have sharp edges. Store members in a dry location and/or covered to prevent exposure to moisture. Despite a galvanized coating, corrosion may occur if the coating is deeply scratched. |
| Calculate Lumber Quantities | A board foot is equivalent to a piece of lumber that is 1 inch thick, 12 inches wide, and 1 foot long. Each board to the right represents one board foot. Board feet equals number of pieces multiplied by thickness (in inches) multiplied by width(in inches) multiplied by length (in feet) divided by 12 |
| Calculate Panel Quantities | Panel products, such as plywood, particleboard, and OSB, are calculated by first determining the area to be covered. The following formula is used to calculate board feet of panel products: Number of panels equals roof area (length multiplied by width [in feet] divided by panel area (length multiplied by width [in feet]) |
| Rectangular Volume Calculations | You can use the following formula to determine the volume of concrete needed for a rectangular object: Cubic yards of concrete (rounded up to the next one-fourth yard) equals thickness (in feet) multiplied by width or height (in feet) multiplied by length (in feet) divided by 27 (cubic feet/cubic yard) |
| Sheet-Metal Screws | are used to fasten light-gauge steel framing members to one another and to fasten other building materials to the framing members. Self-tapping sheet-metal screws include self-drilling and self-piercing screws. |
| Machine Screws | are used to fasten butt hinges to metal jambs or door closers to their brackets and to install lock sets. Have four basic head designs. |
| Lag Screws and Shields | Are heavy-duty wood screws with square- or hex-shaped heads that provide great holding power. Are typically used to fasten heavy equipment to wood but can also be used to fasten equipment to concrete when a lag shield is used |
| Concrete/Masonry Screws | Are used to fasten a device or fixture to concrete, CMUs, or brick without using an anchor. To provide a close tolerance between the pilot hole and the screw threads, a specially designed carbide drill bit and installation tool are used when installing these screws. |
| – Deck Screws | are available in a wide variety of shapes and sizes for various applications. Fastening treated lumber and other types of wood decking to wood framing Fastening wood decking to different gauges of metal support structures Fastening metal decking and sheeting to different gauges and types of metal structural support members |
| Drywall Screws | Depending on the type, it cuts through the gypsum board and anchors itself into wood and/or steel studs, holding the panel tight to the stud. |
| Drive Screws | are installed by hammering the screw into a drilled or punched hole of the proper size. are mostly used to fasten parts that will not be exposed to much pressure |
| Hammer Driven Pins and Studs | use an installation tool to fasten wood or steel to concrete or CMUs without pilot holes. |
| Bolts | are often used to attach one unit or member to another. differ from screws in that bolts require a nut. |