What is significant about Richard Russell?
Long‑serving U.S. senator from Georgia who built major Senate seniority and committee power, steered federal military and appropriations money to the state, and was a leading conservative defender of states’ rights and segregation.
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is significant about Richard Russell? | Long‑serving U.S. senator from Georgia who built major Senate seniority and committee power, steered federal military and appropriations money to the state, and was a leading conservative defender of states’ rights and segregation. |
| What was the Great Migration? | The mass movement of millions of African Americans from the rural South to Northern and Western cities (roughly 1910–1970) seeking industrial jobs and escape from Jim Crow. |
| What were some negative consequences of economic progress? | Environmental damage, displacement of tenant farmers/sharecroppers, widening social and regional inequalities, labor unrest, and intensified racial and class tensions. |
| How did Eugene Talmadge deal with the Textile Strike in 1934? | He opposed the strikers, sided with mill owners, and used state authority (law enforcement/militia and rhetoric) to suppress union activity and break the strike. |
| What obstacles did the New Deal face in Georgia? | Resistance from conservative politicians and local elites, racial segregation politics, administrative limits at the local level, and periodic opposition to federal intervention. |
| What impact did the Agricultural Adjustment Act have in Georgia - positive and negative, intended and unintended? | Intended/positive: raised commodity prices and farm incomes by paying to reduce production. Unintended/negative: many tenant farmers and sharecroppers were displaced or lost work and land; local distribution of benefits was uneven. |
| Who was responsible for the Little New Deal? | Governor Richard B. Russell (as Georgia governor in the early 1930s) promoted a state‑level program of relief and reform often called the “Little New Deal.” |
| What did Eugene Talmadge do that led to the election of Ellis Arnall? | Talmadge’s authoritarian style, attacks on higher education and state institutions, opposition to New Deal relief, and political excesses alienated moderates and reformers, paving the way for Ellis Arnall’s reform‑minded victory. |
| How did World War II effect Georgia’s economy? What were some of the more important military contributions? | The war spurred rapid industrialization, federal investment, and job growth; Georgia hosted major military training bases and production facilities and supplied troops, training centers, and materiel to the war effort. |
| What were the significant industries which contributed to the war effort? | Shipbuilding (Savannah, Brunswick), aircraft and aviation manufacturing (Marietta/Lockheed), textiles, food processing, and ordnance/defense‑related manufacturing, plus military training installations. |
| How did changes in the state’s economy effect its population? | Accelerated urbanization and population growth in cities and coastal areas, out‑migration from rural counties, increased in‑migration for defense jobs, and demographic shifts in labor and race composition. |
| What was the Two Governors Controversy? Who benefitted the most? | The 1946–47 dispute after Governor‑elect Eugene Talmadge died before inauguration produced rival claims (Ellis Arnall, Melvin Thompson, and Herman Talmadge); ultimately the crisis boosted Herman Talmadge, who consolidated power and later won the governorship. |
| Characterize Ellis Arnall’s achievements as governor. | Modernizer and reformer: restored university accreditation and professional governance, reformed the prison system, modernized state finances and administration, expanded education funding, and enacted voting reforms (including lowering the voting age and moving against the poll tax), strengthening Georgia’s institutional and fiscal foundations. |