ANTI-ALZHEIMER’S AGENTS

Management of Alzheimer's dementia

Mechanism of Anti-Alzheimer’s agents

Increase ACh in CNS by inhibiting cholinesterase/AChE

Donepezil

Cholinesterase inhibitor

Rivastigmine

Cholinesterase inhibitor

Memantine

NMDA receptor antagonist

ANTIANEMICS

Prevention and treatment of anemia

Iron supplements mechanism

Promote hemoglobin transport

Vitamins for anemia

Needed for RBC production

Epoetin

Stimulates RBC production

Iron polysaccharide

Iron supplement

Ferrous sulfate/fumarate

Iron supplements

Epoetin (Epogen/Procrit)

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent

ANTIANGINALS

Treat/prevent angina

Nitrates mechanism

Dilate coronary arteries + systemic vasodilation

Calcium channel blockers mechanism

Dilate coronary arteries

Beta blockers mechanism

Decrease myocardial O2 consumption

Atenolol

Beta blocker

Nitroglycerin

Nitrate vasodilator

Nifedipine

Calcium channel blocker

ANTIANXIETY AGENTS

Management of anxiety disorders

Mechanism of antianxiety agents

Generalized CNS depression

Alprazolam

Benzodiazepine

Diazepam

Benzodiazepine

Lorazepam

Benzodiazepine

Paroxetine

SSRI

Fluoxetine

SSRI

ANTIARRHYTHMICS

Suppress cardiac arrhythmias

Digoxin

Cardiac glycoside

Propranolol

Beta blocker

Amiodarone

Antiarrhythmic

Diltiazem

Calcium channel blocker

ANTICOAGULANTS

Prevent/treat DVT, PE, A-fib emboli

Anticoagulant mechanism

Prevent clot extension/formation (do NOT dissolve clots)

Heparin antidote

Protamine sulfate

Warfarin antidote

Vitamin K

Fondaparinux

Low molecular weight heparin

Heparin

Anticoagulant

Warfarin

Anticoagulant

Enoxaparin

Low molecular weight heparin

ANTICONVULSANTS

Reduce incidence/severity of seizures

Mechanism of anticonvulsants

Depress abnormal CNS discharges; raise seizure threshold

Phenobarbital

Barbiturate

Diazepam

Benzodiazepine

Phenytoin

Antiepileptic

Valproic acid

Antiepileptic

Carbamazepine

Antiepileptic

ANTIDEPRESSANTS

Treat endogenous depression

Mechanism of antidepressants

Prevent reuptake of dopamine, NE, serotonin

Duloxetine

SNRI

Amitriptyline

TCA

Phenelzine

MAOI

Sertraline

SSRI

Paroxetine

SSRI

Fluoxetine

SSRI

ANTIDIABETICS

Manage type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Insulin mechanism

Lowers blood glucose; increases glycogen storage

Oral antidiabetics mechanism

Stimulate insulin secretion

Metformin

Biguanide

Glyburide

Sulfonylurea

Pioglitazone

Thiazolidinedione

Liraglutide

GLP-1 agonist

Semaglutide

GLP-1 agonist

Insulin

Hormone

ANTIEMETICS

Manage nausea and vomiting

Mechanism of antiemetics

Act on CTZ; reduce motion sickness; increase gastric emptying

Ondansetron

5-HT3 antagonist

Promethazine

Antihistamine

Metoclopramide

D2 antagonist

Dimenhydrinate

Antihistamine

Scopolamine

Anticholinergic patch

ANTIHYPERTENSIVES

Treat hypertension

Clonidine

Alpha-2 agonist

Ramipril

ACE inhibitor

Enalapril

ACE inhibitor

Olmesartan

ARB

Propranolol

Beta blocker

Metoprolol

Beta blocker

Losartan

ARB

Candesartan

ARB

Nifedipine

Calcium channel blocker

Amlodipine

Calcium channel blocker

Simvastatin

Statin

Atorvastatin

Statin

Hydrochlorothiazide

Diuretic

ANTI-INFECTIVES

Treat bacterial infections

Gentamicin

Aminoglycoside

Vancomycin

Aminoglycoside

Piperacillin/tazobactam

Extended-spectrum penicillin

Levofloxacin

Fluoroquinolone

Ciprofloxacin

Fluoroquinolone

Cefuroxime

Cephalosporin

Ceftriaxone

Cephalosporin

Amoxicillin

Penicillin

Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid

Beta-lactam + inhibitor

ANTINEOPLASTICS

Treat tumors, lymphomas, leukemias

Methotrexate

Antineoplastic

Doxorubicin

Anthracycline antibiotic

ANTIPLATELET AGENTS

Prevent thromboembolic events

Dipyridamole

Antiplatelet

Clopidogrel

Antiplatelet

Aspirin

NSAID antiplatelet

ANTIPSYCHOTICS

Treat psychosis

Olanzapine

Atypical antipsychotic

Chlorpromazine

Conventional antipsychotic

Risperidone

Atypical antipsychotic

Haloperidol

Conventional antipsychotic

CORTICOSTEROIDS

Anti-inflammatory; immunosuppressive

Hydrocortisone

Steroid

Methylprednisolone

Steroid

Dexamethasone

Steroid

DIURETICS

Treat HTN, edema, CHF

Furosemide

Loop diuretic

Mannitol

Osmotic diuretic

Hydrochlorothiazide

Thiazide diuretic

Spironolactone

Aldosterone antagonist

HORMONES

Treat deficiency states

Calcitonin

Hormone

Estrogens

Hormone

Levothyroxine

Thyroid hormone

Insulins

Hormone

NON-OPIOID ANALGESICS

Mild–moderate pain, fever

Ibuprofen

NSAID

Aspirin

NSAID

Acetaminophen

Analgesic/antipyretic

NSAIDs

Pain, fever, inflammation

Ibuprofen

NSAID

Naproxen

NSAID

Celecoxib

COX-2 inhibitor

Ketorolac

NSAID

OPIOID ANALGESICS

Moderate–severe pain

Fentanyl

Opioid

Hydromorphone

Opioid

Oxycodone

Opioid

Morphine

Opioid

Meperidine

Opioid

SEDATIVE/HYPNOTICS

Sedation; insomnia

Phenobarbital

Barbiturate

Lorazepam

Benzodiazepine

Zolpidem

Sedative-hypnotic

SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXANTS

Spasticity; muscle spasms

Cyclobenzaprine

Muscle relaxant

Baclofen

Muscle relaxant

Diazepam

Benzodiazepine

Orphenadrine

Muscle relaxant

THROMBOLYTICS

Break down clots

Streptokinase

Thrombolytic

VASCULAR HEADACHE SUPPRESSANTS

Treat migraines

Ergotamine

Ergot alkaloid

Sumatriptan

Serotonin receptor agonist

ANTI-LIPID STATINS

Treat hypercholesterolemia

Simvastatin

Statin

Pravastatin

Statin

Atorvastatin

Statin

ANTI-PARKINSON’S

Improve Parkinsonism symptoms

Levodopa/carbidopa

Dopamine replacement therapy

Anti-Alzheimer’s agents

Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Memantine

Antianemics

Iron polysaccharide, Ferrous sulfate, Ferrous fumarate, Epoetin

Antianginals

Nitroglycerin, Atenolol, Nifedipine

Antianxiety agents

Alprazolam, Diazepam, Lorazepam, Paroxetine, Fluoxetine

Antiarrhythmics

Digoxin, Propranolol, Amiodarone, Diltiazem

Anticoagulants

Heparin, Warfarin, Enoxaparin, Fondaparinux

Anticonvulsants

Phenobarbital, Diazepam, Phenytoin, Valproic acid, Carbamazepine

Antidepressants

Duloxetine, Amitriptyline, Phenelzine, Sertraline, Paroxetine, Fluoxetine

Antidiabetics

Metformin, Glyburide, Pioglitazone, Liraglutide, Semaglutide, Insulin

Antiemetics

Ondansetron, Promethazine, Metoclopramide, Dimenhydrinate, Scopolamine

Antihypertensives

Clonidine, Ramipril, Enalapril, Olmesartan, Losartan, Candesartan, Propranolol, Metoprolol, Nifedipine, Amlodipine, Hydrochlorothiazide

Anti-infectives

Gentamicin, Vancomycin, Piperacillin/tazobactam, Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone, Amoxicillin, Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid

Antineoplastics

Methotrexate, Doxorubicin

Antiplatelet agents

Dipyridamole, Clopidogrel, Aspirin

Antipsychotics

Olanzapine, Chlorpromazine, Risperidone, Haloperidol

Corticosteroids

Hydrocortisone, Methylprednisolone, Dexamethasone

Diuretics

Furosemide, Mannitol, Hydrochlorothiazide, Spironolactone

Hormones

Calcitonin, Estrogens, Levothyroxine, Insulin

Non-opioid analgesics

Ibuprofen, Aspirin, Acetaminophen

NSAIDs

Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Celecoxib, Ketorolac

Opioid analgesics

Fentanyl, Hydromorphone, Oxycodone, Morphine, Meperidine

Sedative/Hypnotics

Phenobarbital, Lorazepam, Zolpidem

Skeletal muscle relaxants

Cyclobenzaprine, Baclofen, Diazepam, Orphenadrine

Thrombolytics

Streptokinase

Vascular headache suppressants

Ergotamine, Sumatriptan

Anti-lipid statins

Simvastatin, Pravastatin, Atorvastatin

Anti-Parkinson’s agents

Levodopa/carbidopa