A benign tumor is:
a) Cancerous and invasive
b) Non-cancerous and non-invasive
c) Metastatic
d) Caused only by viruses
Non-cancerous and non-invasive
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| A benign tumor is: a) Cancerous and invasive b) Non-cancerous and non-invasive c) Metastatic d) Caused only by viruses | Non-cancerous and non-invasive |
| When cancer cells spread to other parts of the body, it’s called: a) Mutation b) Oncogenesis c) Metastasis d) Apoptosis | Metastasis |
| Proto-oncogenes normally: a) Prevent cell division b) Promote healthy cell growth and division c) Repair damaged DNA d) Destroy cancer cells | Promote healthy cell growth and division |
| When a proto-oncogene mutates, it becomes a(n): a) Benign gene b) Tumor suppressor c) Oncogene d) Apoptotic factor | Oncogene |
| Tumor suppressor genes, like p53, function to: a) Speed up cell division b) Prevent tumors by controlling the cell cycle c) Mutate easily under stress d) Create oncogenes | Prevent tumors by controlling the cell cycle |
| Viruses can cause cancer by: a) Inserting their genes into host DNA or causing chronic inflammation b) Killing cancer cells c) Reducing immune response d) Repairing damaged DNA | Inserting their genes into host DNA or causing chronic inflammation |
| Which virus is linked to cervical and throat cancers? a) Influenza b) HIV c) HPV d) Epstein-Barr | HPV |
| What vaccine helps prevent HPV-related cancers? a) MMR b) Gardasil c) Polio d) Varivax | Gardasil |
| Which of the following is not a known risk factor for cancer? a) Smoking b) UV light exposure c) Old age d) Regular exercise | Regular exercise |
| Which is not a cancer treatment? a) Chemotherapy b) Immunotherapy c) Targeted drugs d) Antibiotics | Antibiotics |
| The 1998 paper claiming a vaccine-autism link was: a) Proven true b) Unverified but still accepted c) Fraudulent and retracted d) Supported by new data | Fraudulent and retracted |
| ASD primarily affects: a) Motor skills only b) The immune system c) Social communication and behavior d) The cardiovascular system | Social communication and behavior |
| The rise in ASD diagnoses is mostly due to: a) An autism epidemic b) Increased awareness and better diagnostic criteria c) Vaccination rates d) Environmental pollution | Increased awareness and better diagnostic criteria |
| Which of the following can contribute genetically to ASD? a) Chromosomal inversions and mutations b) Low vitamin D c) High sugar intake d) Viral infections only | Chromosomal inversions and mutations |
| ASD is more common in: a) Girls, due to stronger social skills b) Boys, possibly due to fewer neuroprotective factors c) Adults over 50 d) Populations with low vaccination rates | Boys, possibly due to fewer neuroprotective factors |
| Early brain differences in ASD are seen: a) During middle childhood b) Only after puberty c) In infancy d) Not until adulthood | In infancy |
| Which of the following is not a known ASD risk factor? a) Older fathers b) Maternal inflammation during pregnancy c) Early antidepressant exposure d) Eating gluten | Eating gluten |
| The fraudulent vaccine-autism study was authored by: a) Louis Pasteur b) Andrew Wakefield c) Edward Jenner d) Jonas Salk | Andrew Wakefield |
| Which of the following statements about ASD is true? a) It has a single known cause b) It can be diagnosed through a blood test c) It exists on a spectrum of severity and symptoms d) It always results in intellectual disability | It exists on a spectrum of severity and symptoms |
| Which treatment or prevention method is most effective for ASD? a) Behavioral and educational therapy b) Antibiotics c) Vaccination d) Chemotherapy | Behavioral and educational therapy |