What were the 3 reasons for the establishment of Georgia?
Three founding reasons: charity for debtors and poor; a military buffer for South Carolina against Spanish Florida; and economic/mercantile aims (silk, naval stores, trade)
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What were the 3 reasons for the establishment of Georgia? | Three founding reasons: charity for debtors and poor; a military buffer for South Carolina against Spanish Florida; and economic/mercantile aims (silk, naval stores, trade) |
| What 3 categories of restrictions did the Trustee place on Georgia’s settlers? | Three Trustee restrictions: limits on land ownership and inheritance; ban on slavery; prohibition of rum and other hard liquors |
| Describe Oglethorpe’s role(s) in the settlement of Georgia. | Oglethorpe’s roles: principal founder, expedition leader, military commander/defender, trustee representative and recruiter in Britain, and colonial administrator on site |
| From whom did Oglethorpe get permission to settle on Yamacraw Bluff? | Permission for Yamacraw Bluff: Oglethorpe obtained the site through diplomacy with Tomochichi, chief of the Yamacraw (with interpreter Mary Musgrove) |
| How did the War of Jenkins Ear effect Georgia? Who won the Battle of Bloody Marsh? Where was the battle fought? | War of Jenkins’ Ear effect: it brought open Anglo‑Spanish fighting to Georgia’s coast, prompted Oglethorpe’s campaigns into Florida, and militarized the colony; British (Georgia) forces won the Battle of Bloody Marsh on St. Simons Island (1742) |
| Who were the malcontents and what was their primary demand? | Malcontents: a faction of mostly non‑Trustee settlers (notably Scots) who protested Trustee rules; their primary demand was repeal of land, slavery, and liquor restrictions (especially permission to own slaves) |
| How did the introduction of slavery effect Georgia’s development? | Effect of slavery’s introduction: once slavery was legalized (mid‑1750s), Georgia shifted rapidly to a plantation economy (rice, indigo, later cotton), expanded wealth and population, and adopted the social and racial hierarchy of the Deep South |
| Who were Georgia’s 3 royal governors? Provide a brief description of each. | Three royal governors (brief): John Reynolds (first royal governor; ineffectual, 1754–57), Henry Ellis (competent administrator; helped establish local self‑government, 1757–60), James Wright (longest‑serving; promoted growth, land expansion, and stability, 1760–75/1776) |
| Describe Georgia’s economy under royal government. | Economy under royal government: export‑oriented plantation agriculture (rice, indigo, later timber and naval stores), growing reliance on enslaved labor, and expanding trade with Britain and the Caribbean |
| What were the requirements for voting in colonial Georgia? | Colonial voting requirements: limited to free white males limited to free white males meeting property/tax or residency qualifications (property/taxpaying tests applied in practice) |
| How did Georgia’s boundaries change between 1733-1775? | Boundary changes (1733–1775): charter initially defined broad coastal-to-Pacific claims; over time boundaries were clarified and expanded westward by treaties and royal grants, producing the province borders used by 1775 |
| Why was Georgia late in joining the rebellion against Great Britain? | Why Georgia was late to rebel: it was the youngest colony, economically tied to Britain, and dependent on British military protection against Indian and Spanish threats, so many colonists hesitated to break with the Crown |
| What Georgians signed the Declaration of Independence? Which of these lost his life in a duel with a fellow Georgian? | Georgia signers of the Declaration: Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, George Walton; Button Gwinnett later died from wounds received in a duel with Lachlan McIntosh |
| Name 3 of the provisions for the Constitution of 1777. | Three provisions of the 1777 Georgia Constitution: unicameral legislature; plural executive (governor plus executive council); broad white‑male suffrage with property/tax conditions and compulsory voting provisions |
| List the obstacles faced by the Whigs during the Revolutionary War. | Obstacles faced by the Whigs: strong Loyalist presence, British military invasions and occupations (Savannah 1778), divided backcountry, Indian alliances with Britain, and shortages of men and supplies |
| When and how did the Revolution arrive in Georgia? | When/how Revolution arrived in Georgia: revolutionary activity began 1775–76; British captured Savannah in Dec 1778, starting a prolonged southern campaign and occupation |
| What role did the French play in the Revolution in Georgia? | French role in Georgia: France provided naval and expeditionary support (Comte d’Estaing) in 1779 during the Siege of Savannah; the Franco‑American assault failed and the British held Savannah |
| What Georgians participated in the Constitutional Convention? | Georgians at the U.S. Constitutional Convention: Abraham Baldwin and William Few represented Georgia and signed the Constitution |
| What did Georgia’s Indian problem have to do with its position at the Constitutional Convention? | Georgia’s “Indian problem” at the Convention: Georgia pressed for federal power to remove or extinguish Indian title to open western lands; that stance made Georgia a strong advocate for a stronger national government able to secure and acquire Indian lands |
| Describe the basic characteristics of Georgia’s early political system. | Early Georgia political system: began under Trustees (planned, paternal rules), shifted to royal rule with a governor, council, and an elected Commons House (growing local self‑government), and after independence moved from unicameral to bicameral structures |
| What were the major differences between the Constitution of 1789 and the Constitution of 1777? | Major differences: 1777 vs. 1789 constitutions: 1777 had a unicameral legislature and plural executive with broader white‑male suffrage; 1789 created a bicameral legislature (Senate and House), stronger separation of powers, and different office‑holding and voting rules |