common components

membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes

vacuole

storage

mitochondria

ATP production

lysosome

digestion

cytoplasm

fluid interior

chloroplasts

photosynthesis

ribosomes

protein synthesis

rough ER

protein assembly

smooth ER

lipid synthesis, detox

nucleus

DNA storage

nucleolus

ribosome production

cell wall

rigid support

cell membrane

selective barrier

Golgi apparatus

protein packaging

centrioles

cell division aid

diffusion

molecules move high → low concentration

osmosis

water diffusion across membrane

facilitated transport

proteins help diffusion

active transport

requires energy, moves against gradient

pinocytosis

cell drinking

phagocytosis

cell eating

exocytosis

release of materials

isotonic solution

equal solute concentration

hypertonic solution

higher solute outside, cell loses water

hypotonic solution

lower solute outside, cell gains water

ordered complexity

structured organization

response to stimuli

react to environment

reproduction

produce offspring

growth and development

DNA controlled

homeostasis

maintain internal balance

energy processing

use chemical energy

requirement for life

must have all properties